FIG. 1.

Change in CD4 count over 5 years after ART initiation by sex and HCV status, Kaiser Permanente California, 1996–2011. ART, antiretroviral therapy; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus. Mean CD4 counts were derived from a linear regression model including variables for HCV status, sex, time, and corresponding interaction terms. Generalized estimating equations accounted for within-individual correlation and piecewise linear curves allowed for a change in slope at 1 year. p Values test for differences in mean CD4 counts at baseline and 1, 3, and 5 years.