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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Psychol. 2016 Feb 4;52(4):613–628. doi: 10.1037/a0040069

Table 4.

Frequencies of Judgment Phase justifications as a function of trial type and age group

Justification Type
Trial type and age Sameness Deservingness Lesson Emotion Other
Targeted Reward
4–5yrs 59% 8% 0% 8% 25%
6–7yrs 33% 51% 0% 7% 9%
8–10yrs 20% 70% 0% 0% 10%
Adults 9% 70% 14% 0% 8%
Targeted Punishment
4–5yrs 4% 20% 0% 52% 24%
6–7yrs 2% 61% 0% 33% 5%
8–10yrs 3% 80% 0% 3% 13%
Adults 3% 73% 14% 0% 10%
Collective Reward
4–5yrs 60% 12% 0% 0% 28%
6–7yrs 49% 33% 0% 0% 19%
8–10yrs 23% 60% 0% 0% 17%
Adults 11% 42% 20% 0% 27%
Collective Punishment
4–5yrs 28% 26% 0% 20% 26%
6–7yrs 14% 63% 0% 5% 19%
8–10yrs 0% 94% 0% 3% 3%
Adults 1% 79% 10% 0% 11%

Note. Percentages rounded to nearest whole number