Table 4.
Ratio of Volume/Total intracranial volume (TICV) and effect size for a priori regions of interest as a function of perceived stress.
| Volume (Estimated Mean (SE),mm3/TICV) x1000 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived Stress |
|||||
| Region | Lower (n=20) M (SE) |
Higher (n=18) M (SE) |
β | p-value | Cohen d (95%CI) |
| Left Hemisphere | |||||
| Medial temporal region | |||||
| Hippocampus | 4.07 (0.19) | 3.80 (0.20) | −0.15 | 0.35 | −0.31 (−0.95 to 0.33) |
| Para-hippocampal region | |||||
| Parahippocampal gyrus | 2.38 (0. 11) | 1.90 (0.12) | −0.42 | 0.003 | −0.98 (−1.65 to −0.30) |
| Entorhinal cortex | 1.37 (0.09) | 1.40 (0.10) | 0.03 | 0.85 | 0.06 (−0.57 to 0.70) |
| Amygdala | 1.34 (0.05) | 1.22 (0.05) | −0.25 | 0.11 | −0.54 (−1.19 to 0.10) |
| Prefrontal region | |||||
| Superior frontal gyrus | 20.28 (0.53) | 18.49 (0.56) | −0.32 | 0.02 | −0.83 (−1.50 to −0.17) |
| Middle frontal gyrus | 20.22 (0.61) | 17.94 (0.65) | −0.37 | 0.01 | −0.92 (−1.59 to −0.25) |
| Inferior frontal gyrus | |||||
| BA44 | 4.05 (0.13) | 3.58 (0.14) | −0.36 | 0.01 | −0.90 (−1.57 to −0.23) |
| BA45 | 5.42 (0.15) | 5.22 (0.15) | −0.14 | 0.36 | −0.31 (−0.95 to 0.33) |
| Anterior cingulate | 3.75 (0.17) | 3.39 (0.18) | −0.21 | 0.15 | −0.49 (−1.13 to 0.16) |
| Orbital frontal cortex | 10.42 (0.25) | 10.67 (0.26) | 0.10 | 0.49 | 0.23 (−0.41 to 0.87) |
| Right Hemisphere | |||||
| Medial temporal region | |||||
| Hippocampus | 3.78 (0.19) | 3.82 (0.20) | 0.02 | 0.88 | 0.05 (−0.59 to 0.68) |
| Para-hippocampal region | |||||
| Parahippocampal gyrus | 2.06 (0.08) | 1.80 (0.08) | −0.31 | 0.03 | −0.79 (−1.45 to −0.12) |
| Entorhinal cortex | 1.33 (0.08) | 1.27 (0.08) | −0.08 | 0.62 | −0.16 (−0.80 to 0.47) |
| Amygdala | 1.38 (0.05) | 1.28 (0.06) | −0.21 | 0.19 | −0.45 (−1.09 to 0.20) |
| Prefrontal region | |||||
| Superior frontal gyrus | 20.48 (0.59) | 18.11 (0.62) | −0.38 | 0.006 | −1.03 (−1.71 to −0.35) |
| Middle frontal gyrus | 21.00 (0.57) | 18.62 (0.60) | −0.39 | 0.004 | −1.08 (−1.76 to −0.40) |
| Inferior frontal gyrus | |||||
| BA44 | 6.07 (0.19) | 5.27 (0.20) | −0.39 | 0.004 | −1.09 (−1.77 to −0.41) |
| BA45 | 8.10 (0.24) | 7.71 (0.25) | −0.16 | 0.29 | −0.38 (−1.02 to 0.26) |
| Anterior cingulate | 3.37 (0.14) | 3.48 (0.15) | 0.08 | 0.60 | 0.18 (−0.46 to 0.81) |
| Orbital frontal cortex | 10.65 (0.31) | 10.49 (0.32) | −0.52 | 0.72 | −0.12 (−0.76 to 0.52) |
Note. All models control for age. TICV= Total intracranial volume. CI=Confidence Interval.