Table 2.
Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adverse birth outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) versus women without PCOS.
| Characteristics | Women with PCOS (n = 352) |
Women without PCOS (n = 2037) |
Crude odds ratio (95% CI) |
Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)∗ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GDM | ||||
| Yes | 64 (18.2) | 278 (13.6) | 1.52 (1.13, 2.03) | 1.55 (1.14, 2.09) |
| No | 288 (81.8) | 1759 (86.4) | Reference | Reference |
| Preterm birth | ||||
| Yes | 30 (8.5) | 94 (4.6) | 1.93 (1.26, 2.95) | 1.69 (1.08, 2.67) |
| No | 322 (91.5) | 1943 (95.4) | Reference | Reference |
| Small for gestational age | ||||
| Yes | 31 (8.8) | 194 (9.5) | 0.92 (0.62, 1.37) | 0.79 (0.51, 1.23) |
| No | 321 (91.2) | 1843 (90.5) | Reference | Reference |
| Large for gestational age | ||||
| Yes | 43 (12.2) | 181 (8.9) | 1.43 (1.00, 2.03) | 1.39 (0.98, 1.99) |
| No | 309 (87.8) | 1856 (91.1) | Reference | Reference |
| Low birth weight | ||||
| Yes | 21 (6.0) | 108 (5.3) | 1.13 (0.70, 1.84) | 1.20 (0.74, 1.95) |
| No | 331 (94.0) | 1929 (94.7) | Reference | Reference |
| Macrosomia | ||||
| Yes | 23 (6.5) | 87 (4.3) | 1.56 (0.98, 2.52) | 1.21 (0.94, 2.01) |
| No | 329 (93.5) | 1950 (95.7) | Reference | Reference |
∗Adjusted for maternal age at birth, parity, education, prepregnancy body mass index, and assisted reproductive technology.