Table 11:
Characteristics of Prognostic Studies Evaluating MRD Before HSCT
| Author, Year | Country | Time Period | MRD Sample Size (Total) | ALL Type, % | Median Age, Years (Range) | Male (%) | MRD Assay (Target) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gandemer et al, 201465 | France | 2005–2008 | 122 (215a) | High riskb or relapsed B-cell 70.5 T-cell 27.9 |
NR (6.9–7.7) | 64.8 | PCR (Ig/TCR) |
| Balduzzi et al, 201461 | Italy | 2001–2011 | 82 (97) | First allogenic HSCT B-cell 85.4c T-cell 14.6 |
8 (< 1–20) | 66.0 | RQ-PCR (Ig/TCR) |
| Bader et al, 200255 | Germany | 1986–1999 | 45 (59) | B-cell 84 T-cell 16 |
9.8 (1.5–17.8) | 53.3 | PCR (Ig/TCR) |
Abbreviations: ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplant; Ig/TCR, immunoglobulin heavy chain or T-cell receptor gene rearrangements; MRD, minimal residual disease; NR, not reported; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; RQ-PCR, real-time quantitative PCR.
Study enrolled patients with both ALL (n = 133) and myeloid leukemia (n = 82) and reported on ALL alone. Eleven of the patients with ALL could not be categorized according to pre-HSCT MRD and were not included in the analysis.
High risk defined by unfavourable cytogenetics, induction failure, white blood cell count, and poor early response to treatment. Relapsed defined as early or very early bone marrow relapses.
Calculated from data reported in article.