Table 1.
Participant characteristics by female BMI.
| Variable | <18.50 | 18.50–24.99 | 25.0–29.99 | ≥30 | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 141) | (n = 1164) | (n = 225) | (n = 72) | ||
| Female Age (years) | 36.15 ± 3.95 | 36.86 ± 4.31 | 36.51 ± 5.01 | 37.16 ± 4.45 | 0.20 |
| Male Age (years) | 39.20 ± 5.22 | 39.51 ± 5.34 | 39.43 ± 5.67 | 39.67 ± 5.10 | 0.91 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 17.66 ± 0.65 | 21.28 ± 1.73 | 26.79 ± 1.29 | 32.53 ± 2.26 | n/a |
| Current smoking (n cigarettes/day), n (%) | |||||
| 0 | 115 (81.6) | 937 (80.5) | 187 (83.1) | 63 (87.5) | |
| 1–5 | 11 (7.8) | 108 (9.3) | 12 (5.3) | 3 (4.2) | |
| ≥6 | 15 (10.6) | 119 (10.2) | 26 (11.6) | 6 (8.3) | 0.38 |
| Day 3 FSH (pg/mL) | 8.32 ± 4.45 | 7.90 ± 3.74 | 7.29 ± 3.19 | 5.85 ± 2.44 | <0.001 a,b,c,d |
| TSH (µU/mL) | 1.83 ± 1.02 | 2.01 ± 1.11 | 1.97 ± 1.70 | 2.10 ± 1.21 | 0.31 |
| AMH (ng/mL) | 2.54 ± 2.60 | 2.17 ± 2.12 | 2.46 ± 2.39 | 2.03 ± 2.17 | 0.10 |
| AFC (n) | 9.37 ± 5.50 | 9.43 ± 5.57 | 9.40 ± 6.04 | 10.24 ± 7.87 | 0.81 |
| 25(OH)D (ng/mL) | 21.81 ± 9.09 | 23.84 ± 12.27 | 19.67 ± 10.00 | 18.04 ± 4.66 | <0.001 c,e |
| Menstrual cycle lenght (days) | 28.30 ± 6.16 | 28.91 ± 6.34 | 29.37 ± 7.29 | 31.24 ± 10.15 | 0.02 b,c |
| Duration of infertility (months) | 38.76 ± 21.67 | 42.85 ± 27.11 | 55.39 ± 35.23 | 52.00 ± 37.23 | <0.001 a,b,e |
| Parity, n (%) | 36 (25.5) | 424 (36.4) | 81 (36.0) | 21 (29.2) | 0.06 |
| Cause of Infertility, n (%) | |||||
| Male factor | 0.81 (0.51–1.27) | 1.00 | 1.33 (0.94–1.88) | 1.39 (0.79–2.44) | |
| Tubal factor | 0.80 (0.38–1.69) | 1.00 | 1.33 (0.79–2.26) | 0.60 (0.18–1.94) | |
| Poor ovarian response | 0.41 (0.19–0.90) f | 1.00 | 0.57 (0.32–1.01) | 1.82 (0.96–3.43) | |
| Ovulatory disorders | 1.70 (1.08–2.67) f | 1.00 | 1.47 (0.99–2.19) | 1.27 (0.65–2.49) | |
| Endometriosis | 0.95 (0.46–1.94) | 1.00 | 1.39 (0.82–2.36) | - | |
| Idiopathic | 1.20 (0.83–1.73) | 1.00 | 0.62 (0.44–0.87) g | 0.73 (0.43–1.26) | |
| Mixed | 1.23 (0.55–2.73) | 1.00 | 2.22 (0.93–5.32) | 1.15 (0.33–4.08) | |
Notes: Data presented as mean ± SD, n (%) or OR (95% CI) (BMI category 18.5–24.99 was used as reference category). a Pairwise comparison revealed a statistically significant difference between the first and the third BMI categories; b Pairwise comparison revealed a statistically significant difference between the first and the fourth BMI categories; c Pairwise comparison revealed a statistically significant difference between the second and the fourth BMI categories; d Pairwise comparison revealed a statistically significant difference between the third and the fourth BMI categories; e Pairwise comparison revealed a statistically significant difference between the second and the third BMI categories; f p < 0.05; g p < 0.01. n/a not applicable.