Table 1.
The basic characteristics of the patients *.
| Variables | All Patients n:68 | Male Patients (n:37) | Female Patients (n:31) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year), mean ± SD | 62.8 ± 17.5 | 62 ± 15.9 | 63.8 ± 19.4 |
| Weight at admission (kg), mean ± SD | 69 ± 13.8 | 71.4 ± 14.1 | 66.3 ± 13.3 |
| Weight at discharge (kg), mean ± SD | 69.5 ± 14.1 | 72.2 ± 14.3 | 66.4 ± 13.6 |
| Height (cm), mean ± SD | 167.8 ± 10.9 | 175.1 ± 7.9 | 159.2 ± 7.1 |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (Q1 and Q3) | 23.9 (20.9–27.7) | 22.1 (20.4–25.3) | 25 (22.3–29.4) |
| SIRS, n (%) | 28 (41.2) | 15 (40.5) | 13 (41.9) |
| Sepsis, n (%) | 18 (26.5) | 9 (24.3) | 9 (29) |
| Length of hospital stay (day), median (range) | 10 (3–85) | 8 (3–85) | 10 (4–26) |
| Death, n (%) | 11(16.2) | 6 (16.2) | 5 (16.1) |
| Types of infection, n (%) | |||
| Urinary infections | 16 (23.5) | 6 (16.2) | 10 (32.3) |
| Pneumonia | 15 (22.1) | 9 (24.3) | 6 (19.4) |
| Soft tissue infections | 11 (16.2) | 7 (18.9) | 4 (12.9) |
| Pneumonia plus urinary infections | 5 (7.4) | 3 (8.1) | 2 (6.5) |
| Foreign body infections | 5 (7.4) | 1 (2.7) | 4 (12.9) |
| Tuberculosis | 4 (5.9) | 3 (8.1) | 1 (3.2) |
| Meningitis | 2 (2.9) | 1 (2.7) | 1 (3.2) |
| Protozoal infections | 2 (2.9) | 2 (5.4) | - |
| Abscess | 2 (2.9) | 1 (2.7) | 1 (3.2) |
| Other bacterial infections | 6 (8.8) | 4 (10.8) | 2 (6.5) |
| Nutrition type during hospital stay, n (%) | |||
| Oral | 51 (75) | 29 (78.4) | 22 (71) |
| Parenteral | 5 (7.4) | 3 (8.1) | 2 (6.5) |
| Enteral | 1 (1.5) | - | 1 (3.2) |
| Oral plus parenteral | 8 (11.8) | 5 (13.5) | 3 (9.7) |
| Oral plus enteral | 2 (2.9) | - | 2 (6.5) |
| Enteral plus parenteral | 1 (1.5) | - | 1 (3.2) |
| NRS-2002 score, median (range) | |||
| on admission | 3 (1–7) | 3 (1–7) | 3 (1–7) |
| at first week | 2 (1–7) | 3 (1–7) | 2 (1–7) |
| at discharge | 2 (1–7) | 2 (1–7) | 2 (1–7) |
| Ceruloplasmin level (g/L), mean ± SD | 0.89 ± 4.5 | 1.28 ± 5.8 | 0.3 ± 0.8 |
| Micronutrients levels | |||
| Zinc (µg/dL), median (Q1 and Q3) | 64 (50.5–81.7) | 65 (53.5–77.5) | 62 (47.8–91.8) |
| Copper (µg/dL), mean ± SD | 141.9 ± 41.9 | 139.9 ± 40.3 | 144.9 ± 44.9 |
| Thiamine (ng/mL), median (Q1 and Q3) | 39.1 (26.7–78.1) | 37.7 (26.8–69.2) | 42.2 (25.1–93.2) |
| Selenium (µg/L), median (Q1 and Q3) | 49.9 (39.5–62.3) | 49.3 (37.6–62.7) | 50.5 (42–62.3) |
| Chromium (µg/L), mean ± SD | 11.4 ± 6 | 11.7 ± 6.5 | 11 ± 5.5 |
| Vitamin B6 (ng/mL), median (Q1 and Q3) | 6.4 (3.1–15.5) | 4.8 (2.6–11.2) | 8 (4.6–27.3) |
| Vitamin B12 (pg/mL), median (Q1 and Q3) | 260 (151.5–469.5) | 249 (142–419) | 304 (174–608) |
* Significant differences were found between male and female patients for height (p < 0.001), BMI (p = 0.010), vitamin B6 (p = 0.046). BMI: Body mass index; SIRS: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome; NRS-2002: Nutritional Risk Screening 2002; SD: standard deviation; Q1: The lower quartiles; Q3: The upper quartiles. Normal range of micronutrients: Zinc = 70 to 150 µg/dL, Copper = 50 to 155 µg/dL, Thiamine = 33 to 99 ng/mL, Selenium = 46 to143 µg/mL, Chromium = 0.7 to 28 µg/mL, Vitamin B6 = 4.1 to 43.7 ng/mL, Vitamin B12 = 126 to 505 pg/mL; Normal range of ceruloplasmin = 0.2 to 0.6 g/L.