Table 1.

Effects of Ingestion of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from Fish or Fish Oil. Modified from [3].

−Decreased production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) metabolites

−A decrease in thromboxane A2, a potent platelet aggregator and vasoconstrictor

−A decrease in leukotriene B4 formation, an inducer of inflammation, and a powerful inducer of leukocyte chemotaxis and adherence

−An increase in thromboxane A3, a weak platelet aggregator and weak vasoconstrictor

−An increase in prostacyclin PGI3

−Both PGI2 and PGI3 are active vasodilators and inhibitors of platelet aggregation

−An increase in leukotriene B5, a weak inducer of inflammation and a weak chemotactic agent