Table 1. GEMS Demographics and Follow-up Endpoints by Baseline MCI Status (n=2742).
| MCI (n=428) |
No MCI (n=2314) Mean or % |
Total (n=2742) | P= | |||||
| Age | 79.79 (3.68) | 78.36 (3.12) | 78.58 (3.26) | <0.01 | ||||
| Sex: Female | 214 (50.00%) | 1045 (45.16%) | 1259 (45.92%) | 0.07 | ||||
| Race: Non-White | 44 (10.28%) | 76 (3.28%) | 120 (4.38%) | <0.01 | ||||
| Education: <=12 | 143 (33.41%) | 839 (36.26%) | 982 (35.81%) | 0.38 | ||||
| Education:12–16 | 175 (40.89%) | 942 (40.71%) | 1117 (40.74%) | |||||
| Education:>16 | 110 (25.70%) | 533 (23.02%) | 643 (23.45%) | |||||
| Clinic Site | ||||||||
| 3 Wake Forest | 134 (31.31%) | 533 (23.03%) | 667 (24.33%) | <0.01 | ||||
| 4 UC Davis | 110 (25.70%) | 682 (29.47%) | 792 (28.88%) | |||||
| 5 Johns Hopkins | 57 (13.32%) | 347 (15.00%) | 404 (14.73%) | |||||
| 6 Pittsburgh | 127 (29.67%) | 752 (32.50%) | 879 (32.06%) | |||||
| Ginkgo Biloba + | 194 (45.33%) | 1166 (50.39%) | 1360 (49.60%) | 0.05 | ||||
| Self Report Health = E/VG/G | 388 (90.65%) | 2197 (94.94%) | 2585 (94.27%) | <0.01 | ||||
| Self Report Health=F/P | 40 (9.35%) | 117 (5.06%) | 157 (5.73%) | |||||
| Comorbidities: | ||||||||
| Hypertension | 233 (54.44%) | 1221 (52.77%) | 1454 (53.03%) | 0.52 | ||||
| Diabetes | 41 (9.58%) | 200 (8.64%) | 241 (8.79%) | 0.53 | ||||
| Cancer (5 yrs) | 76 (17.76%) | 431 (18.63%) | 507 (18.49%) | 0.67 | ||||
| CHF | 10 (2.34%) | 37 (1.60%) | 47 (1.71%) | 0.28 | ||||
| MI | 50 (11.68%) | 188 (8.12%) | 238 (8.68%) | 0.02 | ||||
| MCI (n=428) |
No MCI (n=2314) Mean or % |
Total (n=2742) | P= | |||||
| Angina | 51 (11.92%) | 194 (8.38%) | 245 (8.94%) | 0.02 | ||||
| Kidney Dz | 2 (0.47%) | 24 (1.04%) | 26 (0.95%) | 0.26 | ||||
| Liver Dz | 8 (1.87%) | 80 (2.46%) | 88 (3.21%) | 0.09 | ||||
| Stroke | 23 (5.37%) | 52 (2.25%) | 75 (2.74%) | <0.01 | ||||
| Emphysema | 11 (2.57%) | 69 (2.98%) | 80 (2.92%) | 0.64 | ||||
| Rx Meds | ||||||||
| 0 | 39 (9.11%) | 272 (11.75%) | 311 (11.34%) | 0.39 | ||||
| 1–2 | 136 (31.78%) | 744 (32.15%) | 880 (32.09%) | |||||
| 3–4 | 127 (29.67%) | 671 (29.00%) | 798 (29.10%) | |||||
| 5+ | 126 (39.44%) | 627 (27.10%) | 753 (27.46%) | |||||
| Lives with Proxy | 241 (56.31%) | 1417 (61.24%) | 1658 (60.47%) | 0.06 | ||||
| Follow-Up Endpoints | ||||||||
|
MCI (n=428) Mean or % |
No MCI (n=2316) |
Total (n=2742) | P= | |||||
| Hospitalized | 263 (61.21%) | 1426 (61.62%) | 1688 (61.56%) | 0.87 | ||||
| 1–3 Hospitalizations | 219 (83.59%) | 1162 (81.49%) | 1381 (81.81%) | 0.49 | ||||
| 4–7 Hospitalizations | 36 (13.74%) | 234 (16.41%) | 270 (16.00%) | |||||
| 8+ Hospitalizations | 7 (2.67%) | 30 (2.10%) | 37 (2.19%) | |||||
| Expired | 55 (12.85%) | 284 (12.27%) | 339 (12.36%) | 0.74 | ||||
| Incident Dementia | 175 (40.89%) | 278 (12.01%) | 453 (16.52%) | <0.01 | ||||
GEMS: Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study; MCI: mild cognitive impairment; UC: University of California; CHF: congestive heart failure; MI: myocardial infarction; E=Excellent, VG=Very Good, G=Good