Table 3.
Characteristics of heparin–HTCC nanocomplexes before and after GF loading
| Group | PDI | Zeta potential (mV) | Mean diameter (nm)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| From zeta potential test | From TEM | |||
| Blank heparin-nanocomplexes | 0.10±0.02 | 31.3±1.6 | 371.9±4.8 | 213.0 |
| PlGF-2-loaded heparin-nanocomplexes | 0.11±0.03 | 37.4±0.3 | 539.2±6.4 | 298.1 |
| BMP-2-loaded heparin-nanocomplexes | 0.13±0.03 | 34.5±0.8 | 406.0±5.1 | 244.7 |
| Dual-GF-loaded heparin-nanocomplexes | 0.16±0.02 | 35.1±0.3 | 485.7±6.2 | 266.4 |
Note: Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation.
Abbreviations: HTCC, N-(2-hydroxyl)propyl-3-trimethyl ammonium chitosan chloride; GF, growth factor; PDI, polydispersity index; PIGF-2, placental growth factor-2; BMP-2, bone morphogenetic protein; TEM, transmission electron microscopy.