Table 1.
Patients characteristics.
| Variables | All patients (n=2006) | VTE in total (n=9) | No VTE in total (n=1997) | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. Pts available | Results | No. Pts available | Results | No. Pts available | Results | ||
| Age (years) | 2006 | 56.24±12.18; 55.78 (6.20–95.13) | 9 | 56.94±13.36; 56.50 (40.07–84.35) | 1997 | 56.23±12.18; 55.77 (6.20–95.13) | 0.862 |
| Sex (male/female), n (%) | 2006 | 1330 (66.3%)/ 676 (33.7%) | 9 | 8 (88.9%)/ 1 (11.1%) | 1997 | 1322 (66.2%)/ 675 (33.8%) | 0.151 |
| History of liver cirrhosis, n (%) | 1897 | 8 | 1889 | 0.184 | |||
| <1 year | 690 (36.4%) | 5 (62.5%) | 685 (36.3%) | ||||
| 1–5 year | 769 (40.5%) | 3 (37.5%) | 766 (40.6%) | ||||
| >5 year | 438 (23.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 438 (23.2%) | ||||
| Causes of liver diseases, n (%) | 1999 | 8 | 1991 | 0.991 | |||
| HBV alone | 565 (28.3%) | 4 (50.0%) | 561 (28.2%) | ||||
| HCV alone | 140 (7.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 140 (7.0%) | ||||
| HBV+HCV | 13 (0.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 13 (0.7%) | ||||
| Alcohol alone | 492 (24.6%) | 2 (25.0%) | 490 (24.6%) | ||||
| HBV + alcohol | 138 (6.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 138 (6.9%) | ||||
| HCV + alcohol | 20 (1.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 20 (1.0%) | ||||
| HBV + HCV + alcohol | 5 (0.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (0.3%) | ||||
| Autoimmune | 83 (4.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 83 (4.2%) | ||||
| Drug | 31 (1.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 31 (1.6%) | ||||
| Cholestatic | 54 (2.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 54 (2.7%) | ||||
| Others | 28 (1.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 28 (1.4%) | ||||
| Unknown | 428 (21.4%) | 2 (25.0%) | 426 (21.4%) | ||||
| HBV + PBC | 2 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.1%) | ||||
| Blood pressure at admission, n (%) | 1990 | 8 | 1982 | <0.001 | |||
| Normal range | 1552 (78.0%) | 4 (50.0%) | 1548 (78.1%) | ||||
| Hypotension | 51 (2.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 51 (2.6%) | ||||
| Hypertension – Grade I | 274 (13.8%) | 2 (25.0%) | 272 (13.7%) | ||||
| Hypertension – Grade II | 85 (4.3%) | 2 (25.0%) | 83 (4.2%) | ||||
| Hypertension – Grade III | 28 (1.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 28 (1.4%) | ||||
| AUGIB, n (%) | 1994 | 563 (28.2%) | 8 | 0 (0.0%) | 1986 | 563 (28.3%) | 0.075 |
| Ascites, n (%) | 1991 | 8 | 1983 | 0.077 | |||
| No | 1023 (51.4%) | 1 (12.5%) | 1022 (51.5%) | ||||
| Mild | 217 (10.9%) | 2 (25.0%) | 215 (10.8%) | ||||
| Moderate and severe | 751 (37.7%) | 5 (62.5%) | 746 (37.6%) | ||||
| Hepatic encephalopathy, n (%) | 1991 | 8 | 1983 | 0.733 | |||
| No | 1848 (92.8%) | 8 (100.0%) | 1840 (92.8%) | ||||
| Grade I–II | 117 (5.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 117 (5.9%) | ||||
| Grade II–IV | 26 (1.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 26 (1.3%) | ||||
| Red blood cell (1012/L) | 1960 | 3.11±0.86; 3.07 (0.93–6.78) | 9 | 3.67±0.74; 3.41 (2.89–5.19) | 1951 | 3.11±0.86; 3.06 (0.93–6.78) | 0.049 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 1960 | 95.01±30.03; 93.00 (23.0–218.0) | 9 | 118.03±19.99; 121.00 (91.0–155.0) | 1951 | 94.91±30.03; 93.00 (23.0–218.0) | 0.021 |
| White blood cell (109/L) | 1961 | 5.40±4.14; 4.20 (0.30–46.10) | 9 | 7.02±4.26; 6.40 (3.20–17.00) | 1952 | 5.39±4.13; 4.20 (0.30–46.10) | 0.238 |
| Platelet (109/L) | 1959 | 100.97±86.83; 76.00 (5–1278) | 9 | 75.22±45.91; 57.00 (28–180) | 1950 | 101.09±86.96; 76.00 (5–1278) | 0.373 |
| Total bilirubin (umol/L) | 1926 | 39.47±59.63; 21.85 (1.9–707.7) | 9 | 62.20±87.84; 33.10 (3.4–285.6) | 1917 | 39.36±59.48; 21.80 (1.9–707.7) | 0.252 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 1901 | 32.14±6.90; 32.10 (0.4–52.8) | 9 | 29.36±8.06; 33.00 (17.4–39.7) | 1892 | 32.15±6.89; 32.10 (0.4–52.8) | 0.225 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 1925 | 39.35±65.78; 26.00 (3.0–1460) | 9 | 180.67±434.01; 29.00 (9.0–1335.0) | 1916 | 38.69±58.87; 26.00 (3.0–1460) | <0.001 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 1924 | 57.48±102.45; 36.00 (8.0–2454) | 9 | 227.00±434.75; 55.00 (17.0–1366.0) | 1915 | 56.68±98.08; 36.00 (8.0–2454) | <0.001 |
| Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | 1921 | 113.70±96.58; 86.00 (12.8–980.0) | 9 | 108.31±60.28; 89.00 (41.0–215.0) | 1912 | 113.73±96.72; 86.00 (12.8–980.0) | 0.867 |
| Glutamyl transpeptidase (U/L) | 1916 | 113.92±202.34; 48.00 (1.5–4562) | 9 | 52.67±24.54; 59.00 (8.0–84.0) | 1907 | 114.21±202.77; 48.00 (1.5–4562) | 0.363 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 1881 | 7.97±7.01; 5.89 (1.42–76.02) | 9 | 6.97±4.03; 6.14 (2.96–16.36) | 1872 | 7.97±7.02; 5.89 (1.42–76.02) | 0.669 |
| Creatinine (umol/L) | 1880 | 87.16±116.78; 60.00 (2.8–1473) | 9 | 75.56±41.15; 63.00 (48.0–182.0) | 1871 | 87.22±117.03; 60.00 (2.8–1473) | 0.765 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 1910 | 4.08±0.54; 4.04 (2.20–7.87) | 9 | 4.31±0.61; 4.10 (3.84–5.11) | 1901 | 4.08±0.54; 4.04 (2.20–7.87) | 0.184 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 1909 | 138.15±4.49; 138.80 (116.3–160.8) | 9 | 136.12±5.21; 137.30 (125.7–142.2) | 1900 | 138.16±4.48; 138.80 (116.3–160.8) | 0.175 |
| Prothrombin time (second) | 1881 | 16.25±4.64; 15.20 (10.5–94.6) | 9 | 19.97±6.57; 19.20 (12.7–31.8) | 1872 | 16.23±4.63; 15.20 (10.5–94.6) | 0.016 |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time (second) | 1879 | 43.18±11.92; 41.50 (20.0–180.0) | 9 | 45.70±18.91; 40.10 (28.3–87.3) | 1870 | 43.17±11.89; 41.50 (20.0–180.0) | 0.526 |
| International normalized ratio | 1875 | 1.34±0.57; 1.20 (0.76–13.40) | 8 | 1.75±0.82; 1.53 (0.98–3.22) | 1867 | 1.33±0.57; 1.20 (0.76–13.40) | 0.039 |
| D-dimer (ug/ml) | 609 | 0.76±1.32; 0.30 (0–15.5) | 4 | 5.75±6.86; 3.60 (0.3–15.5) | 605 | 0.73±1.17; 0.30 (0–9.0) | 0.022 |
| Child-Pugh score | 1781 | 7.53±2.04; 7.00 (5–15) | 7 | 9.14±1.68; 9.00 (6–11) | 1774 | 7.53±2.04; 7.00 (5–15) | 0.037 |
| Child-Pugh class, n (%) | 1781 | 7 | 1774 | 0.437 | |||
| A | 649 (36.4%) | 1 (14.3%) | 648 (36.5%) | ||||
| B | 827 (46.4%) | 4 (57.1%) | 823 (46.4%) | ||||
| C | 305 (17.1%) | 2 (28.6%) | 303 (17.1%) | ||||
| MELD score | 1794 | 7.40±7.48; 5.96 (−14.28–51.64) | 7 | 12.41±10.48; 10.53 (−1.16–26.40) | 1787 | 7.38±7.47; 5.95 (−14.28–51.64) | 0.076 |
HBV – hepatitis B virus; HCV – hepatitis C virus; PBC – primary biliary cirrhosis; AUGIB – acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding; MELD – model for end stage liver disease.