Table 2. Multivariate adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for initiating GLP-1 receptor agonists compared with initiators of non-GLP-1RA anti-diabetic drugs in type 2 diabetes patients of primary care in Germany.
| Variablesa | Men | P value | Women | P value | Total | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (per year) | 0.94 (0.93–0.95) | <0.0001 | 0.94 (0.93–0.95) | <0.0001 | 0.94 (0.93–0.95) | <0.0001 |
| Obesity diagnosis (yes/no) | 1.59 (1.17–2.17) | 0.0032 | 1.75 (1.27–2.41) | 0.0006 | 1.69 (1.35–2.11) | <0.0001 |
| Private health insurance (yes/no) | 2.38 (1.78–3.19) | <0.0001 | 2.45 (1.55–3.87) | 0.0001 | 2.41 (1.88–3.09) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetologist care (yes/no) | 2.25 (1.74–2.91) | <0.0001 | 2.05 (1.52–2.76) | <0.0001 | 2.11 (1.73–2.57) | <0.0001 |
| Angiotensin II receptor blocker prescriptions [ATC: C09C, C09D] | 1.67 (1.31–2.14) | <0.0001 | 1.89 (1.45–2.46) | <0.0001 | 1.76 (1.47–2.11) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary heart disease (yes/no)b | 0.72 (0.52–0.99) | 0.0479 | - | - | 1.36 (0.95–1.97) | 0.0956 |
| Geographic practice location (East vs. West-Germany) | 1.43 (1.14–1.80) | 0.0018 | - | - | 1.25 (1.05–1.49) | 0.0119 |
a Full model included: age, gender, geographic practice location, private health insurance, diabetologist care, HbA1c, baseline co-diagnoses (peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity diagnosis, myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, mental illness), baseline medication (metformin, sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors, Insulin, other OADs, diuretics, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, lipid lowering drugs, non-steroidal antirheumatic agents and other analgesics)
b Coronary heart disease and geographic practice location entered into the final model in men only