Table 1.

Pregnancy-induced physiologic changes during near term.

System (reference)	Parameter	Non-pregnant	Pregnant
Cardiovascular64,71,72	Cardiac output [L/min]	4.0	6.0
	Heart rate [beats per min]	70	90
	Stroke volume [mL]	65	85
	Plasma volume [L]	2.6	3.5
Respiratory73,74	Total lung capacity [mL]	4225	4080
	Residual volume [mL]	965	770
	Tidal volume [mL]	485	680
Liver75	Portal vein blood flow [L/min]	1.25	1.92
	Hepatic artery blood flow [L/min]	0.57	1.06a
Renal76	Glomerular filtration rate [mL/min]	97	144
	Serum creatinine [mg/dL]	0.7	0.5

^aNot statistically significant.