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. 2016 Mar 29;7:46. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2016.00046

Table 6.

Differences in cognition according to reading activity.

Test name p-Value Mean values
Group 0 versus group 1
Digit symbol test 0.049 M0 = −1.121
M1 = −0.589
Group 0 versus group 2
Digit symbol test 0.008 M0 = −1.121
M2 = −0.383
Rey complex figure copy 0.030 M0 = −1.524
M2 = −0.958
Block design 0.032 M0 = −0.676
M2 = −0.047
Picture completion 0.050 M0 = −1.050
M2 = −0.522
Information 0.035 M0 = −0.800
M2 = −0.239
Comprehension 0.000 M0 = −0.843
M2 = 0.289
Group 1 versus group 2
California verbal learning test 0.026 M1 = −1.242
M2 = −0.367
Recognition RVDLT 0.037 M1 = −1.636
M2 = −1.542
Corsi blocks 0.017 M1 = −0.884
M2 = −0.378
Block design 0.026 M1 = −0.667
M2 = −0.047
Picture completion 0.007 M1 = −1.294
M2 = −0.522
Similarities 0.009 M1 = −0.181
M2 = −0.124
Comprehension 0.005 M1 = −0.472
M2 = 0.289

Group 0 comprises patients who are not doing any reading or who only do sporadic reading. Group 1 comprises patients who are only reading non-challenging material on a regular basis and those who read highly challenging material on a non-regular basis. Group 2 comprises patients who read challenging material on a regular basis at least once a week. Only test results with statistical significance are shown. Significance p < 0.05.