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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Orthod Craniofac Res. 2015 Apr;18(Suppl 1):71–82. doi: 10.1111/ocr.12078

Table 1.

Definitions of the cephalometric landmarks used

Cephalometric variable Description
Overjet (OJ) Horizontal distance between the incisal edges of the maxillary and mandibular central incisors.
Overbite (OB) Vertical distance between the incisal edges of the maxillary and mandibular central incisors
ANB Angle formed by hard tissue A-point (A) to Nasion (N) to hard tissue B-point (B)
FMA Angle formed between Frankfort horizontal (FH) plane and Gonion (Go) -Menton (Me) plane
U1- FH Angle formed between the long axis of most procumbent maxillary central incisor (Upper1, U1) and FH.
U1-NA Angle formed between the long axis of U1 and a line connecting hard tissue Nasion and A-point (NA).
U1-NA Distance between the most anterior labial point of U1 and NA line
U1-ptv Distance between U1 tip and the pterygoid vertical (ptv) perpendicular to FH
U1r-ptv Distance between U1 root tip (U1r) and the pterygoid vertical (ptv) perpendicular to FH