Table 1.
Bioactive compounds from selected South Asian medicinal plants.
| Name of the Plant | Bioactive Compounds |
|---|---|
| Withania somnifera L. | WithaferinA, withanolide |
| Phyllanthus amarus | Nirtetralin, niranthrin, phyllanthin, phyltetralin |
| Aegiceras corniculatum L. | Embilins |
| Annona muricataLinn | Annomuricins, bullatacin |
| Cedrus deodara | (−)-Wikstromal, (−)-matairesinoland dibenzylbutyrolactol |
| Nothapodytes foetida Miers | Camptothecin, irinotecan |
| Boswellia serrata Roxb. | Boswellic acid, acetyl-β-boswellic acid, α-pinene |
| Andrographis paniculata | Andrographolide, betulin, betulinic acid |
| Centella asiatica L. | Asiaticoside, hydrocotyline, vallerine, pectic acid, stigmasterol, thankunosides and ascorbic acid |
| Coscinium fenestratum | Berberine, palmatine, 8-oxoprotoberberine, oxypalmatine, berberrubine |
| Amoora rohituka Roxb. | Amooranin, rohitukine |
| Trichopus zeylanicus | Glycophosphosphingolipids |
| Bruguiera gymnorrhizais L. | Diterpenoids and pimaren |
| Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. | Cuscutin, amarbelin, β-sterol, stigmasterol, kaempferol, dulcitol, myricetin, quercetin, coumarin and oleanolic acid |
| Dendrophthoe falcata (L.F.) | Quercetrin, catechin, gallic acid, chebulinic acid, oleonolic acid, β-amyrin-O-acetate, leucocynidin, β-sitosterol and stigmasterol |
| Dioscorea bulbifera L. | Kaempferol- 3,5-dimethyl ether, caryatin, (L)-catechin, myricetin, quercetin-3-O galactopyranoside, myricetin-3-O-galactopyranoside, diosbulbin B |
| Embelia ribes Burm. | Quercitol, diethylnitrosamine/Phenobarbital |
| Ficus benghalensis L. | Lupeol, psoralen and β-sisterol |
| Ficus religiosa L. | Quercetin and qyricetin, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol |
| Hibiscus tiliaceus L. | Stigmasterol β-sitosterol, quercetin, kaempferol |
| Jatropha gossypiifolia L. | Falodone and jatrophone |
| Vitex agnus-castus | Agnucastoside A, agnucastoside B and agnucastoside C, aucubin, agnuside, mussaenosidic acid |
| Mollugo pentaphylla L. | Apigenin and mollupentin, mmollugogenol A, mollugogenol B, mollugogenol D, oleanolic acid and β-sitosterol |
| Nelumbo nucifera Willd. | Liensinine, neferine, pronuciferine, isoliensinine, negferine, asimilobine, nuciferine, remrefidine, isoliensinine, myricetin, quercetin, leucocyanidin, kaempferol, astragalin |
| Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. | Phenylpropanoid glycosides, carotenoid glucosides, phenyl-propanoid glycoside cardiac glycosides, polysaccharides, β-sitosterol, β-amyrin, hentriacontane benzoic acid, nyctanthic acid, friedelin, lupeol, oleanolic acid, 6β-hydroxylonganin alkaloids, phlobatanins, terpenoids |
| Eugenia singampattiana | 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, ferulic acid, coumaric acid, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, myricetin, and kaempferol |
| Solanum nigrum L. | Gentisic acid, luteolin, apigenin, kaempferol, m-coumaric acid, anthocyanidin, lunasin |
| Strychnos nux-vomica | Brucine, diaboline |
| Zingiber officinale | Gingerenonea, gingeols, shogaols, zingerone |
| Chloroxylon swietenia | Coumarins xanthyletin, xanthoxyletin and 7-demethylsuberosin |
| Podophyllum hexandrum B | Podophyllin, astragalin |
| Linum usitatissimum | Cynogenetic glycosides |
| Glycyrrhiza glabra | Glycyrrhizin |
| Catharanthus roseus | Vinblastine, vincristine, alstonine, ajmalicine and reserpine |
| Camellia sinensis | Epigallocatechin gallate |
| Aloe ferox, Aloe barbadenis | Aloe-emodin, emodin, aloin acemannan |
| Allium sativum | Alliin, allicin alliin, alliinase, S-allylcysteine, diallyldisulphide, diallyltrisulphide and methylallyltrisuphide. |
| Curcuma longa | Curcumin |
| Capsicum annuum | Capsaicin |
| Piper nigrum | Piperidine, piperine |