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. 2016 Mar 17;8(3):82. doi: 10.3390/v8030082

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Type II IRES-dependent and cap-dependent protein synthesis initiation. (A) The RNA of FMDV employs a type II internal ribosome entry site (IRES) to recruit the 40S subunit to start translation. Some eIFs and ITAFs are required for IRES-driven translational initiation [60]; (B) The host cell employs the cap-dependent protein system. The m7G(5′)ppp(5′)N structure is recognized by a translation initiation factor (eIF4F). The binding of eIF4F to the cap and the binding of PABP to the poly (A) tail circularize the mRNA to activate it [60]. Abbreviations include: eIF4G: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G; eIF4E: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E; PTB: polypyrimidine tract-binding protein; PCBP: poly (rC)-binding protein; PABP: poly(A)-binding protein; eIF3:translation initiation factor 3; m7G: 7-Methylguanosine.