Table 3. Medications of the COPD subjects according to the GOLD group A to D at inclusion.
| Medication* | No. (%) of patients | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GOLD A | GOLD B | GOLD C | GOLD D | ||
| LAMA | 68 (48.2) | 204 (40.6) | 29 (41.4) | 227 (34.2) | < 0.001 |
| LABA | 18 (12.8) | 47 (9.4) | 6 (8.6) | 33 (4.8) | < 0.001 |
| ICA + LABA | 28 (19.9) | 122 (24.3) | 21 (30.0) | 189 (28.5) | < 0.001 |
| ICA + LABA + LAMA | 18 (12.8) | 74 (14.7) | 18 (25.7) | 153 (23.0) | < 0.001 |
| PDE4 Inhibitor | 2 (1.4) | 5 (1.0) | 2 (2.9) | 35 (5.3) | < 0.001 |
| Xanthine oxidase inhibitor (Theophylline) | 22 (15.6) | 107 (21.3) | 10 (14.3) | 141 (21.3) | < 0.001 |
| Oral beta 2 agonist | 3 (2.1) | 17 (3.4) | 2 (2.9) | 38 (5.7) | < 0.001 |
*Multiple responses for medication. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GOLD, global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease; LAMA, long acting muscarinic antagonist; LABA, long acting beta-2 agonist; ICA, inhaled corticosteroid; PDE4 inhibitor, phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor.