FIG 1.

NS1 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated IL-1β secretion. (A) HEK293T cells were transfected with expression plasmids encoding either NLRP3, ASC, procaspase-1, pro-IL-1β, and human UCP-2 (hUCP-2) or NS1. pCA7-EGFP was used as a control. (A and B) Cell-free supernatants were collected at 24 h posttransfection, and the mature (p17) form of IL-1β was analyzed by ELISA (A) or immunoblot analysis (B). sup, supernatant. (C and D) Cell extracts were collected at 24 h posttransfection, and the immature form of IL-1β (pro-IL-1β) was analyzed by ELISA (C) or immunoblot analysis (D). Data in panels A and C are representative of at least three independent experiments and are expressed as the means ± standard deviations. ***, P < 0.001.