. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Mar 29.

Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2014 May 7;510(7503):139–142. doi: 10.1038/nature13179

Extended Data Table E6.

Literature reporting nutrient changes in the edible portion of crops grown at elevated and ambient [CO₂]

Study	Experimental Method	Associated Citations
1	Growth Chambers	Conroy, J., Seneweera, S. P., Basra, A., Rogers, G. & Nissen-Wooller, B. Influence of rising atmospheric CO₂ concentrations and temperature on growth, yield and grain quality of cereal crops. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 21, 741–758 (1994).
		Seneweera, S., Milham, P. & Conroy, J. Influence of elevated CO₂ and phosphorus nutrition on the growth and yield of a short-duration rice. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 21, 281–292 (1994).
		Seneweera, S. P. & Conroy, J. P. Growth, grain yield and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in response to elevated CO₂ and phosphorus nutrition (Reprinted from Plant nutrition for sustainable food production and environment, 1997). Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 43, 1131–1136 (1997).
2	Temperature Gradient Tunnels	De la Puente, L. S., Perez, P. P., Martinez-Carrasco, R., Morcuende, R. M. & Del Molino, I. M. M. Action of elevated CO₂ and high temperatures on the mineral chemical composition of two varieties of wheat. Agrochimica 44, 221–230 (2000).
3	Open Top Chambers & FACE	De Temmerman L et al. Effect of climatic conditions on tuber yield (Solanum tuberosum L.) in the European ‘CHIP’ experiments. European Journal of Agronomy 17, 243–255 (2002).
		De Temmerman, L., Hacour, A. & Guns, M. Changing climate and potential impacts on potato yields and quality ‘CHIP’: introduction, aims and methodology. European Journal of Agronomy 17, 233–242 (2002).
		Fangmeier, A., De Temmerman, L., Black, C., Persson, K. & Vorne, V. Effects of elevated CO₂ and/or ozone on nutrient concentrations and nutrient uptake of potatoes. European Journal of Agronomy 17, 353–368 (2002).
		Högy, P. & Fangmeier, A. Atmospheric CO₂ enrichment affects potatoes: 2. Tuber quality traits. European Journal of Agronomy 30, 85–94 (2009).
4	FACE	Erbs, M. et al. Effects of free-air CO₂ enrichment and nitrogen supply on grain quality parameters and elemental composition of wheat and barley grown in a crop rotation. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 136, 59–68 (2010).
5	Open Top Chambers	Fangmeier, A. et al. Effects of elevated CO₂, nitrogen supply and tropospheric ozone on spring wheat. I. Growth and yield. Environmental Pollution 91, 381–390 (1996).
		Fangmeier, A., Grüters, U., Högy, P., Vermehren, B. & Jäger, H.-J. Effects of elevated CO₂, nitrogen supply and tropospheric ozone on spring wheat – II. Nutrients (N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn). Environmental Pollution 96, 43–59 (1997).
		Fangmeier, A. et al. Effects on nutrients and on grain quality in spring wheat crops grown under elevated CO₂ concentrations and stress conditions in the European, multiple-site experiment ‘ESPACE-wheat’. European Journal of Agronomy 10, 215–229 (1999).
		Jäger, H.-J., Hertstein, U. & Fangmeier, A. The European Stress Physiology and Climate Experiment – project 1: wheat (ESPACE-wheat): introduction, aims and methodology. European Journal of Agronomy 10, 155–162 (1999).
6	FACE	Högy, P. & Fangmeier, A. Effects of elevated atmospheric CO₂ on grain quality of wheat. Journal of Cereal Science 48, 580–591 (2008).
		Högy, P. et al. Does elevated atmospheric CO₂ allow for sufficient wheat grain quality in the future?. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality 82, 114–121 (2009).
		Högy, P. et al. Effects of elevated CO₂ on grain yield and quality of wheat: results from a 3-year free-air CO2 enrichment experiment. Plant Biology 11, 60–69 (2009).
		Högy, P., Zörb, C., Langenkämper, G., Betsche, T. & Fangmeier, A. Atmospheric CO₂ enrichment changes the wheat grain proteome. Journal of Cereal Science 50, 248–254 (2009).
7	FACE	Kim, H., Lieffering, M., Miura, S., Kobayashi, K. & Okada, M. Growth and nitrogen uptake of CO₂-enriched rice under field conditions. New Phytologist 150, 223–229 (2001).
		Kim, H. et al. Effects of free-air CO₂ enrichment and nitrogen supply on the yield of temperate paddy rice crops. Field Crops Research 83, 261–270 (2003).
		Lieffering, M., Kim, H.-Y., Kobayashi, K. & Okada, M. The impact of elevated CO₂ on the elemental concentrations of field-grown rice grains. Field Crops Research 88, 279–286 (2004).
8	Open Top Chambers	Pleijel, H. et al. Effects of elevated carbon dioxide, ozone and water availability on spring wheat growth and yield. Physiologia Plantarum 108, 61–70 (2000).
		Pleijel, H. & Danielsson, H. Yield dilution of grain Zn in wheat grown in open-top chamber experiments with elevated CO₂ and O3 exposure. Journal of Cereal Science 50, 278–282 (2009).
9	Open Top Chambers	Prior, S. A., Runion, G. B., Rogers, H. H., Torbert, H. A. Effects of atmospheric CO₂ enrichment on crop nutrient dynamics under no-till conditions. Journal of Plant Nutrition 31, 758–773 (2008).
10	Open Top Chambers	Weigel, H., Manderscheid, R., Jäger, H.-J. & Mejer, G. Effects of season-long CO₂ enrichment on cereals. I. Growth performance and yield. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 48, 231–240 (1994).
		Manderscheid, R., Bender, J., Jager, H., J & Weigel, H., J. Effects of season long CO₂ enrichment on cereals. II. Nutrient concentrations and grain quality. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 54, 175–185 (1995).
11	FACE	Yang, L., Wang, Y., Dong, G., Gu, H., Huang, J., Zhu, J., Yang, H., Liu, G., Han, Y. The impact of free-air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) and nitrogen supply on grain quality of rice. Field Crops Research 102, 128–140 (2007).
	Meta-Analyses	Loladze, I. Rising atmospheric CO₂ and human nutrition: toward globally imbalanced plant stoichiometry? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 17 (10), 457–461 (2002). [Uses data from studies 1, 2, 5, and 10 as well as numerous other studies on non-edible tissues and plants other than food crops].
		McGrath, J. M. and Lobell, D. B. Reduction of transpiration and altered nutrient allocation contribute to nutrient decline of crops grown in elevated CO₂ concentrations. Plant, Cell, & Environment 36, 697–705 (2013). [Uses data from studies 1, 5, and 10 as well as numerous other studies on non-edible tissues and plants other than food crops].
		Duval, B.D., Blankinship, J. C., Dijkstra, P., Hungate, B. A. CO2 effects on plant nutrient concentration depend on plant functional group and available nitrogen: a meta-analysis. Plant Ecology 213, 505–521 (2012). [Uses data from studies 1,2, 3, 5, 6, and 9 as well as numerous other studies on non-edible tissues and plants other than food crops].