Skip to main content
. 2016 Mar 15;2016:8014252. doi: 10.1155/2016/8014252

Table 3.

Effects of long-term dietary fructose (Fruc), resveratrol (Res), and their combinations (Res + Fruc) on some endocrine parameters and cytokines in the adipose tissues of male and female rats.

 Groups Control Res Fruc Res + Fruc
Insulin (mU/g protein) Male 1,54 ± 0.16 1.19 ± 0.17 2.75 ± 0.42 1.32 ± 0.27#
Female 1.45 ± 0.16 0.79 ± 0.1 2.93 ± 0.26 1.63 ± 0.26#

Estradiol (pg/g protein) Male 9.1 ± 0.6 8.6 ± 1.1 13 ± 1.5 9 ± 1.1
Female 27.5 ± 8 28 ± 5.1 14 ± 1.8 22 ± 4.6

Free testosterone (pg/g protein) Male 45 ± 4.9 48 ± 7.8 21 ± 2.8 26 ± 4
Female 2.8 ± 0.8 1.5 ± 0.1 5.6 ± 0.1 2 ± 0.4#†

Total testosterone (pg/g protein) Male 655 ± 51 581 ± 78 285 ± 33 332 ± 43
Female 32 ± 6.1 16 ± 3 68 ± 9.5 25.7 ± 4.9#†

MDA (µmol/g protein) Male 16 ± 1.9 18 ± 4.9 26 ± 3.6 14 ± 1.9#
Female 14 ± 2.1 5.3 ± 0.8 48 ± 13 12 ± 2.1#

ALT (U/g protein) Male 169 ± 14 192 ± 22 335 ± 73 448 ± 135
Female 272 ± 47 113 ± 13 736 ± 145 315 ± 39#

AST (U/g protein) Male 85 ± 5 119 ± 27 123 ± 28 271 ± 55#
Female 164 ± 18 51 ± 11 346 ± 56 142.1 ± 5#†

TNF-α (ng/g protein) Male 153 ± 10 163 ± 7 261 ± 31 218 ± 33
Female 111 ± 9 99 ± 6 319 ± 41 184 ± 38#

IL-1β (ng/g protein) Male 382 ± 30 250 ± 17 496 ± 38 548 ± 44
Female 241 ± 26 270 ± 17 703 ± 108 445 ± 68

IL-6 (ng/g protein) Male 61 ± 4.6 46 ± 2.5 67 ± 6.4 36 ± 5.3#
Female 13 ± 1.3 11 ± 1.9 51 ± 7.4 20 ± 3.1#†

IL-10 (ng/g protein) Male 50 ± 7.6 52 ± 4.7 83 ± 13.3 40 ± 5.8#
Female 52 ± 6.2 33 ± 4.1 93 ± 7.6 55 ± 6.1#

IL-18 (MBL) (µg/g protein) Male 9.4 ± 1.6 7.6 ± 0.7 39 ± 7.7 19 ± 3.8#
Female 7.5 ± 1.4 8.3 ± 0.6 37 ± 6.2 14 ± 2.5#

Values are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 6–12.

Significantly different (P < 0.05) compared to control group.

#Significantly different (P < 0.05) compared to fructose group.

Significantly different (P < 0.05) compared to male group.