Table 2.
Accuracy of objective activity monitoring devices.
| Reference | Population | # | Age (yr) | Device under study | Activity monitored | Method of confirmation | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [28] | Healthy volunteers | 14 | Mean (SD) = 28.1 (6.2) | Pedometer, Digi-Walker SW-200 (Yamax) Accelerometer, Zip and One (Fitbit) Wearable devices, Flex (Fitbit), UP24 (Jawbone), FuelBand (Nike) Mobile apps: 3iOS, Fitbit, Health Mate (Withings), Moves (ProtoGeo Oy) Android app: Moves (ProtoGeo Oy) |
Walking 500 and 1500 steps @ 3MPH |
Observer counted steps using tally counter | High accuracy confirmed for all devices |
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| [29] | Healthy volunteers | 15 | Range 21–33 | Wearable device, Fitbits (One, Zip, and Flex) | 6 activities for a 5-minute period @ 1.5, 3, and 4 MPH | Video analysis | 90% accuracy for all devices at all speeds |
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| [30] | Healthy volunteers | 89 | Mean (SD) = 39 (±13.1) | Lumoback, Fitbit Flex, Jawbone Up, Nike+ FuelBand SE, Misfit Shine, Withings Pulse, Fitbit Zip, Omron HJ-203, Yamax Digi-Walker SW-200, and Moves mobile application versus Optogait system for laboratory and ActivPAL for free living conditions |
(A) Laboratory setting: walked twice on a treadmill (4.8 km/h) for 30 min (B) Free living conditions, physical activity over a 24 hr period |
(A) Laboratory setting, Optogait system (B) Free living conditions, ActivPAL |
Good reliability for step count, Lumoback, Jawbone Up, Misfit Shine, Withings Pulse, Fitbit Zip and Flex, and Digi-Walker Free living conditions, Fitbit Zip highest validity, Nike+ FuelBand, lowest validity |
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| [31] | Healthy volunteers | 21 | Fitbit One, Fitbit Zip, Jawbone Up, Misfit Shine, Nike FuelBand, Striiv Smart Pedometer, and Withings Pulse |
48 hr of PA in free living conditions | Research grade accelerometers: BodyMedia SenseWear and ActiGraph GT3X+ | Strong validity between research grade accelerometers and all activity monitors for step count and sleep duration Moderate validity for MVPA and TDEE Strongest performers, Fitbit One, Fitbit Zip, and Withings Pulse |
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| [32] | Patients with stroke and traumatic brain injury | 50 | Mean (SD) = 52.9 (±15.1) | Fitbit Ultra and Nike+ FuelBand | Two-minute walk test (2MWT) | Video analysis and research grade activity monitors: StepWatch Activity Monitor (SAM) and Yamax Digi-Walker SW-701 pedometer (YDWP) |
In order of decreasing accuracy, SAM, Fitbit Ultra, YDWP, and Nike+ FuelBand |
yr: year, MPH: miles per hour, hr: hour, PA: physical activity, MVPA: moderate to vigorous physical activity, and TDEE: total daily energy expenditure.