Table 5. Behçet disease, gout and male fertility.

Author	Year	Study Population	Results	Conclusion
Behçet disease
Mizushima et al. (24)	1977	157 patients with BD in colchicine use	11 patients had oligospermia	Low side-effects of colchicine use
Fukutani et al. (26)	1981	31 male patients with BD divided in four groups regarding medication use	Only the patients treated with CYC had seminal abnormalities and diminished FSH serum levels	BD did not impair testicular function / Testicular damage related to CYC
Tabbara (27)	1983	10 men with BD treated with chlorambucil	7 patients had oligospermia and the other 3 azoospermia	Chlorambucil should not be used as the first line of therapy in BD
Sarica et al. (25)	1995	62 male patients under colchicine therapy for BD	23 patients (37%) had oligonecrospermia and 2 patients (3%) azoospermia	Urological manifestation of BD and medication adverse reaction should be careful monitored
Shiraishi et al. (17)	2008	32 men with RA, 14 with BD, 8 with SLE and 80 healthy controls	None of BD patients had ASA	BD seems not to be related to ASA
Uzunalan et al. (28)	2013	162 men with BD, 48 with FMF, 79 with AS and 43 healthy controls	23 BD patients had fertility issues, most commonly varicocele / No difference in pregnancies or children conceived	BD does not significantly decrease patient’s fertility
Gout
Yu (29)	1982	518 gout patients treated with colchicine	No fertility issues reported	Neither gout nor colchicine use impacts fertility

Note: BD = Behçet disease; FSH = follicle-stimulating hormone; CYC = cyclophosphamide; AS = ankylosing spondylitis; ASA = antisperm antibody; FMF = familial mediterranean fever