Table 2.
Baseline, Follow-up, and Changes in Testosterone and Estradiol with Lifestyle Therapy
| Control (n = 9) | Diet (n =9) | Exercise (n =10) | Diet-exercise (n=12) | Effect of Exercise | P Value Effect of Diet | Interaction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testosterone (ng/dL) | |||||||
| Baseline | 271.3 ± 32.8 | 211.1 ± 47.1 | 273.8 ± 45.4 | 267.7 ± 36.1 | |||
| 6 months | 278.6 ± 36.6 | 261.4 ± 26.5* | 284.0 ± 57.3 | 319.1 ± 50.5* | |||
| 1 year | 229.0 ± 27.3 | 287.0 ± 28.1* | 257.1 ± 52.7 | 317.6 ± 33.1* | |||
| Δ 1 year | −42.7 ± 11.9 | 71.0 ± 21.0 | −22.6 ± 44.2 | 49.9 ± 15.5 | 0.96 | 0.01 | 0.64 |
| Estradiol (pg/mL) | |||||||
| Baseline | 17.8 ± 1.8 | 15.6 ± 1.2 | 16.3 ± 1.6 | 17.5 ± 0.9 | |||
| 6 months | 17.3 ± 1.8 | 13.7 ± 0.9* | 16.1 ± 1.7 | 13.5 ± 1.2* | |||
| 1 year | 17.2 ± 2.0 | 13.1 ± 1.1* | 14.9 ± 1.7 | 14.8 ± 1.2* | |||
| Δ 1 year | −0.5 ± 1.5 | −2.5 ± 1.3 | −0.7 ± 1.1 | −2.2 ± 4.0 | 0.51 | 0.04 | 0.46 |
| SHBG (nmol/L) | |||||||
| Baseline | 49.7 ± 11.1 | 38.8 ± 4.8 | 43.9 ± 5.2 | 46.6 ± 24.9 | |||
| 6 months | 51.4 ± 12.3 | 45.4 ± 8.2 | 46.8 ± 6.3 | 43.9 ± 22.5 | |||
| 1 year | 50.9 ± 12.1 | 45.9 ± 6.6 | 46.9 ± 7.5 | 57.9 ± 31.6 | |||
| Δ 1 year | 2.2 ± 1.5 | 7.1 ± 3.7 | 2.5 ± 2.5 | 7.5 ± 8.2 | 0.97 | 0.03 | 0.27 |
| Free Testosterone Index | |||||||
| Baseline | 24.5 ± 3.2 | 20.5 ± 2.7 | 23.2 ± 4.1 | 24.1 ± 4.0 | |||
| 6 months | 31.0 ± 10.7 | 20.7 ± 4.2 | 23.5 ± 5.5 | 25.2 ± 4.6 | |||
| 1 year | 20.6 ± 3.2 | 23.5 ± 6.4 | 21.7 ± 4.4 | 22.9 ± 3.8 | |||
| Δ 1 year | −3.9 ± 1.0 | 3.3 ± 2.3 | −2.4 ± 1.0 | −1.2 ± 2.6 | 0.59 | 0.43 | 0.52 |
| Free Estradiol Index | |||||||
| Baseline | 1.66 ± 0.24 | 1.64 ± 0.29 | 1.54 ± 0.25 | 2.01 ± 0.52 | |||
| 6 months | 1.94 ± 0.60 | 1.36 ± 0.26* | 1.48 ± 0.27 | 1.18 ± 0.14* | |||
| 1 year | 1.66 ± 0.36 | 1.25 ± 0.27* | 1.32 ± 0.22 | 1.13 ± 0.19* | |||
| Δ 1 year | 0.00 ± 0.15 | −0.39 ± 0.14 | 0.06 ± 0.07 | −0.52 ± 0.12 | 0.41 | 0.04 | 0.65 |
Values are mean ± SE; SHBG = Sex-Hormone Binding Globulin
*
P<0.05 for the comparison of the value at the follow-up time with the baseline value within the group, as calculated with the use of mixed-model repeated-measures analyses of variance.