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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Clin Gastroenterol. 2016 Mar;50(3):252–257. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000380

TABLE 3.

Regression Models Demonstrating Mediation

Estimate SE Wald χ2 P
Step 1: demonstrate that the independent variable (race) is associated with the outcome (group membership)
 Cirrhosis 0.78 0.34   5.27    0.02
 Race (white vs. nonwhite) 0.83 0.31   7.31    0.007
Estimate SE t value P
Step 2: demonstrate that the independent variable (race) is associated with the mediator (gist principles)
 Cirrhosis 0.84 0.47   1.90    0.07
 Gist principles 1.79 0.45   3.99 < 0.0001
Estimate SE Wald χ2 P
Step 3: demonstrate that the mediator affects the relationship between the independent variable (race) and the outcome (group membership)
 Cirrhosis 0.65 0.36   3.33    0.07
 Race 0.51 0.33   2.38    0.12
 Gist principles 0.23 0.06 14.43    0.0001