Table 2.

PSs classed as synthetic dyes

Class	Name	Structure	λmax	Application	Reference
Phenothiazinium salt	Methylene Blue		660 nm	Cancer, antimicrobial, in vitro, in vivo, clinical	[37]
Phenothiazinium salt	Toluidine Blue O		630 nm	Antimicrobial, in vitro, in vivo, clinical	[147]
Phenothiazinium salt	PP904		630 nm	Antimicrobial, in vitro, in vivo, clinical	[41]
Benzophenothiazinium salt	EtNBS		670 nm	Cancer, antimicrobial, in vitro, in vivo, clinical	[148]
Halogenated xanthene	Rose Bengal		540 nm	Cancer, antimicrobial, tissue bonding, in vitro, in vivo, clinical	[149]
Squaraine	ASQI		610 nm	Antimicrobial, in vitro	[150]
BODIPY	Zinc(II)-dipicolylamine di-iodo-BODIPY		540 nm	Antimicrobial, in vitro	[151]
BODIPY	DIMPy-BODIPY		530 nm	Antimicrobial, in vitro	[152]
Phenalenone	Cationic		380 nm	Antimicrobial, in vitro	[52]
Transition metal complex	Ruthenium		450 nm	Antimicrobial, in vitro	[153]
Transition metal complex	Rhodium		450 nm	Cancer, antimicrobial, in vitro	[154]
Transition metal complex	Iridium		600 nm	Cancer, antimicrobial, in vitro	[155]