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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 15.
Published in final edited form as: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2016 Jan 6;299:58–69. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.01.002

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Cyt c binding and peroxidase activation upon interaction with GO. Eight positive charges on the surface of cyt c (Lys+) can electrostatically interact with the negatively charged oxygen-containing functional groups of GO. This interaction of cyt c with GO leads to protein unfolding associated with the “awakening” of dormant peroxidase activity. This peroxidase activation of cyt c can trigger – in the presence of oxidizing equivalents (H2O2, organic hydroperoxides) -oxidative modification/degradation of GO.