Table 1.
Demographic data and result of basic neuropsychological tests.
| Control (n = 24) | naMCI (n = 18) | aMCI (n = 20) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 65.4 (7.6) | 70.9 (7.3) | 70.9 (11.3) | n.s.* |
| Educationa | 4%/38%/58% | 11%/28%/61% | 15%/25%/60% | n.s.* |
| Gender (Female) | 71% | 61% | 60% | n.s.* |
| Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test 1–5 sumb | 53.2 (8.1) | 47.1 (9.9) | 29.6 (7.3) | p < 0.0001 |
| ACE Total Scorec | 94.0 (3.3) | 89.1 (5.1) | 82.2 (7.4) | p < 0.0001 |
| ACE VL/OM-ratiod | 2.6 (0.4) | 2.5 (0.4) | 3.1 (0.8) | p = 0.003 |
| Mini mental state examination total scoree | 28.5 (1.4) | 28.3 (1.0) | 27.5 (1.7) | n.s.* |
| Geriatric depression scale scoref | 3.2 (2.7) | 5.0 (2.8) | 4.1 (3.2) | n.s.* |
| STAI scoreg | 37.3 (10.4) | 37.1 (9.3) | 35.9 (8.4) | n.s.* |
aMCI, Amnestic mild cognitive impairment; naMCI, non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment, ACE, Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination; STAI, state-trait anxiety inventory.
Participants were categorized into three education groups: 1, ≤ 12 years; 2, high school graduation (12 years education); 3, more than 12 years education.
Sum of all words in the first five trials. The maximum score is 75. Normative data can be found in Table 2A.
The maximum score is 100.
VL/OM: verbal fluency and language points/orientation and delayed recall ratio can be defined based on ACE. Result below 2,2 indicate frontotemporal dementia and result over 3,2 indicate Alzheimer's disease.
The maximum score is 30. Normative data can be found in the Table 2B.
The maximum score is 15.
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The maximum score is 80.
n.s. (not significant) = p > 0.05.