Table 2.

Pretest and Posttest Measurement Scores for Each Group

Groups	Variables	Pretest	Posttest	Z	P Value	Effect Size
HT group	NPS	1.11 ± 3.71	1.81 ± 1.42	− 2.21	.03	.62
RMQ	4.15 ± 13.42	3.16 ± 9.00	− 2.38	.02	.33
ERL group	NPS	1.88 ± 4.71	2.28 ± 3.71	− 2.03	.04	.21
RMQ	2.63 ± 13.42	5.16 ± 12.00	− 1.19	.27	.11

ERL, end range loading; HT, harmonic technique; NPS, numeric pain scale; RMQ, Roland-Morris Disability questionnaire.