Table 1.
Demographic data and clinical characteristics of 8,317 enrolled children overall and by weight category.
| Body weight category | Overall | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Underweight | Normal weight | Overweight | Obese | ||
| N (%) | 193 (2.3) | 4,129 (49.6) | 1,791 (21.5) | 2,204 (26.5) | 8,317 (100) |
| Age (y)a | 9.8 ± 0.6 | 9.9 ± 0.7 | 10.0 ± 0.7 | 10.1 ± 0.7 | 10.0 ± 0.7 |
| Waist circumference (cm)b | 54.3 ± 5.1 | 60.4 ± 10.1 | 70.2 ± 7.1 | 84.1 ± 28.3 | 68.7 ± 19.4 |
| BMI (kg/m2)b | 13.5 ± 0.8 | 17.1 ± 1.6 | 21.7 ± 1.3 | 27.9 ± 4.3 | 20.9 ± 5.3 |
| Salivary glucose concentration (mg/dL) | 0.20 ± 0.25 | 0.20 ± 0.25 | 0.18 ± 0.22 | 0.20 ± 0.26 | 0.19 ± 0.24 |
| Salivary glucose ≥ 1.13 mg/dL, n (%) | 4 (2.1) | 72 (1.7) | 27 (1.5) | 38 (1.7) | 141 (1.7) |
| Saliva flow rate (mL/h)c | 22.8 ± 12.4 | 24.9 ± 14.5 | 26.8 ± 15.7 | 27.8 ± 17.2 | 26.0 ± 15.6 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)a | 69.2 ± 12.4 | 70.2 ± 16.2 | 75.5 ± 19.3 | 81.3 ±27.0 | 74.3 ± 20.7 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)a | 101.1 ± 13.9 | 103.3 ± 14.8 | 112.3 ± 14.4 | 119.4 ± 14.8 | 109.4 ± 16.3 |
| Hypertension, N (%)a | 26 (13.5) | 574 (13.9) | 426 (23.8) | 964 (43.8) | 1990 (23.9) |
aAll significantly different except for “underweight” and “normal weight” (p < 0.001).
bAll categories significantly different (p < 0.001).
cAll categories significantly different except for “overweight” compared to “obese” (p < 0.001).