Figure 1.
Experimental study design flowchart. AKI was induced by intraperitoneal injection of gentamicin at 80 mg/kg daily for 7 consecutive days. Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 6 for each group per time point): Control group (healthy animals), GM group (gentamicin injections only), and GM + MDSPCs group (gentamicin injections plus MDSPCs injection). A single MDSPCS injection (1 × 106 cells/500 μL serum-free medium) was administered intravenously into the tail vein 24 hours after the last gentamicin injection (D8). Blood, urine, and tissue samples were collected to evaluate renal function and tissue damage. Urine volume, urinary (U Cr) and serum (S Cr) creatinine levels, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were determined at day 0 (24 hours prior to gentamicin injection), day 8, day 14, and day 21 of the experiment.