Table 2.

Risk factors of infection with specific pathogens.

Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci	Age > 65 years	Betalactam-Therapy (last 3 month)	Alcoholism	Immune Suppressive Illness	Multiple Comorbidities
Gram-negative bacilli	Chronic underlying disease	Multiple comorbidities	Residence in a NH	Recent antibiotic therapy
P. aeruginosa and multi resistant Gram-negative bacilli	Wide spectrum antibiotics	Severe underlying disease	Prior broad spectrum abt therapy	Structural lung disease	Corticosteroid therapy
Legionella	Hospital potable water	Previous nosocomial Legionellosis	‒	‒	‒
Anaerobes	Gengivitis or periodontal disease	Swallowing disorders	Depressed consciousness	Orotracheal manipulation	‒
MRSA	Intravascular devices	Nasal carriage	High prevalence	‒	‒
Aspergillus	Corticosteroid therapy	Neutropenia	Transplantation	‒	‒

NH nursing home, MRSA methicillin-resistant S. aureus.