Table 4. Adjusted Associations of Plan Recommendation Conditions and Choosing the Earnings Maximizing Plan in Year 2 (N = 656 participants).
| Percentage Point Change in Probability Chose Year 2 Earnings Maximizing Plan | ||
|---|---|---|
| (95% CI) | ||
| Any recommendation vs. none | 21* | --- |
| (15, 28) | ||
| Doctor recommendation vs. none | --- | 23* |
| (14, 31) | ||
| Social norm recommendation vs. none | --- | 16* |
| (8, 24) | ||
| Government recommendation vs. none | --- | 24* |
| (17, 32) | ||
| Age | 0 | -0.27 |
| (0, 0) | (-1, 0) | |
| Female | 6 | 7 |
| (-1, 13) | (0, 14) | |
| African American | 12* | 12* |
| (4, 20) | (4, 20) | |
| Other race | 17 | 17 |
| (-3, 37) | (-2, 37) | |
| Less than high school | 6 | 5 |
| (-7, 19) | (-7, 18) | |
| Some college | -1 | -1 |
| (-8, 7) | (8, 6) | |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | -7 | -6 |
| (-17, 3%) | (-16, 4) | |
| Married | 5 | 6 |
| (-3, 14) | (-2, 15) | |
| Widowed or divorced | 9* | 10* |
| (1, 18) | (2, 19) | |
| Monthly household income quartile | ||
| $721-$1,200 | 3 | 2 |
| (-6, 11) | (-7, 10) | |
| $1,201–2,499 | 0 | 1 |
| (-9, 10) | (-9, 9) | |
| $2,500 or more | -7 | -8 |
| (-17, 3) | (-17, 2) | |
| Good, very good, excellent health | -4 | -4 |
| (-12, 4) | (-12, 4) | |
| Any Chronic Disease | -3 | -3 |
| (-9, 4) | (-10, 4) | |
| Current Smoker | -1 | -1 |
| (-8, 7) | (-8, 7) | |
| More than 1 ED visits and/or any inpatient stay | 6 | 6 |
| (-1, 12) | (0, 13) | |
| Numeracy | 2 | 1 |
| (-2, 6) | (-3, 5) | |
| Impatience (Time preference) | -1 | -1 |
| (-3, 1) | (-3, 1) | |
| Gambling risk | 0 | 0 |
| (-3, 4) | (-3, 4) | |
| Investing risk | -2 | -2 |
| (-4, 0) | (-3, 0) | |
| Health risk | 2 | 2 |
| (-2, 5) | (-2, 5) | |
| Health Plan Insurance Comprehension | 2 | 1 |
| (-1, 6) | (-2, 4) | |
| No Insurance | 0 | 0 |
| (-9, 9) | (-9, 10) | |
| Individual | -4 | -4 |
| (-14, 7) | (-14, 7) | |
| Medicare | -9 | -9 |
| (-20, 2) | (-20, 2) | |
| Medicaid | 1 | 0 |
| (-9, 10) | (-10, 9) | |
| Shopped in the marketplace | 1 | 1 |
| (-6, 8) | (-6, 8) | |
| Constant | N/A | N/A |
Notes
*p<0.05. Adjusted associations of experimental conditions, covariates and decision quality outcomes were estimated using generalized estimating equations with robust standard errors. Marginal effects are reported for the probability of choosing the earnings maximizing plan holding covariates constant and at the sample average.