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. 2014 Dec;25(2):81–100.

Table 2:

Predominant fermenting microorganisms of some cereal-based fermented foods from West Africa.

Lactic acid bacteria and other microorganisms Source of isolation Raw material used References
L. fermentum, L. reuteri and Candida spp., Saccharomyces spp. Kenkey or koko a Halm et al. 1993
L. fermentum, L. reuteri, L. brevis Mawè a Hounhouigan et al. 1993
P. acidilactici, W. confusa, L. fermentum, L. reuteri, L. salivarius, L. paraplantarum Fura b Owusu-Kharteng et al. 2012
W confusa, L fermentum, L. salivarius, Pediococcus spp. Koko sour water c Lei and Jakobsen 2004;
Adimpong et al. 2012
L. plantarum Arraw, cere or cakry b Totté et al. 2003
L. plantarum, L. pentosus, L. celibiosus, P. pentosaceus, L. mesenteroides Akamu c Nwachukwu et al. 2010
L. acidophilus, L. delbrueckii, L, lactis, L. casei, L. fermentum, L. bulgaricus, L. plantarum Ekwem 2014
L. plantarum 4.4, L. plantarum 6.1, L. fermentum 11.11.2, L. fermentum 3.7, L. fermentum 7.4 Ben-saalga b Songré-Ouattara et al. 2008;
Turpin et al. 2011
L. plantarum and B. subtilis L. fermentum, L. plantarum, S. gallolyticus subsp, macedonicus, P. pentosaceus W. confusa Kunun-zaki Sorghum or millet Inyang and Dabot 1997 ; Oguntoyinbo et al. 2011; Oguntoyinbo and Narbad 2012
L. fermentum, P. acidilactici, W. confusa Malted sorghum grains d Sawadogo-Lingani et al. 2010
L. fermentum, W. confusa, L. mucosae, P. acidilactici and Kluyveromyces marxianus, Pichia anomala Gowé d Viera-Dalodé et al. 2007
Lactococcus raffinolactis, Pediococcus sp., P. pentosaceus, L. plantarum, L. suebicus, L. brevis Ogi c Teniola et al. 2005
L. plantarum, L. brevis, P. pentosaceus and B.subtilis, Candida valida, Candida krusei, Geotrichum candidum Teniola and Odunfa 2002
L. plantarum, L. pantheris, L. vaccinostercus Ogi-baba d Oguntoyinbo et al. 2011
L. plantarum, S. lactis and C. krusei Odunfa and Adeyele 1985

Notes: Data with the same letter within a column are identical.

Raw material used: (a) maize, (b) millet (c) millet, maize or sorghum (d) sorghum.