Table 2.

Highlighted metabolites significantly associated with eGFR in the KORA F4 study and replicated in the TwinsUK cohort

Metabolite	KORA F4 Study												TwinsUK Cohort			Meta-Analysis
	n	Correlation				eGFRcr			eGFRcys		CKD		n	eGFRcr		eGFRcr
		eGFRcr	eGFRcys	Creatinine	Cystatin C	Direction	P Value	Q Value	Direction	P Value	Direction	P Value		Direction	1-Sided P Value	Direction	P Value
Creatinine (MS-quantified)	1730	−0.37	−0.16	0.56	0.26	−	1.6E-100	3.7E-98	−	3.1E-31	+	1.3E-19	917	−	2.5E-29	−	4.5E-125
Pseudouridine	1726	−0.56	−0.59	0.50	0.64	−	9.1E-89	6.7E-87	−	7.6E-108	+	2.0E-21	915	−	2.6E-28	−	3.8E-113
C-mannosyltryptophan	1724	−0.61	−0.71	0.42	0.72	−	8.9E-89	6.7E-87	−	1.0E-163	+	1.1E-22	917	−	1.9E-26	−	7.5E-111
N-acetylalanine	1666	−0.49	−0.52	0.43	0.54	−	1.4E-65	5.1E-64	−	5.3E-81	+	3.9E-17	915	−	5.7E-25	−	1.2E-87
Erythronate	1703	−0.55	−0.55	0.49	0.60	−	3.6E-74	2.0E-72	−	2.3E-83	+	1.8E-21	900	−	4.0E-13	−	4.6E-80
Myo-inositol	1726	−0.50	−0.46	0.46	0.52	−	2.0E-68	8.8E-67	−	2.6E-68	+	8.8E-21	916	−	2.2E-15	−	2.0E-78
N-acetylcarnosine	1731	−0.30	−0.17	0.57	0.31	−	7.9E-65	2.5E-63	−	9.3E-35	+	4.3E-13	883	−	7.9E-16	−	3.7E-76

Directions of association refer to higher concentrations of the respective metabolites: Per unit increase in metabolite concentrations, negative association with eGFR denotes lower eGFR and positive association with CKD denotes higher odds of CKD.