Table 1.
Patients’ demographic, clinical and biologic characteristics at baseline
| Characteristic | All patients (n=230) | Kidney (+) MCV (n=80) | Kidney (–) MCV (n=150) | P Value | Multivariate analysis OR (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epidemiologic data | ||||||
| Age at diagnosis (years), mean ±SD | 62.3±14.7 | 62.6±14.1 | 62.1±15 | 0.83 | ||
| Women, n (%) | 158 (68.7) | 50 (62.5) | 108 (72) | 0.14 | ||
| Causes | ||||||
| Autoimmune disorders, n (%) | 68 (29.6) | 18 (22.5) | 50 (33.3) | 0.09 | ||
| Hematologic malignancies, n (%) | 53 (23) | 23 (28.7) | 30 (20) | 0.14 | ||
| Essential MCV, n (%) | 109 (47.4) | 39 (48.8) | 70 (46.7) | 0.76 | ||
| Extrarenal manifestations | ||||||
| Skin lesions, n (%) | 188 (81.7) | 57 (71.3) | 131 (87.3) | <0.013 | 0.26 (0.10 to 0.64) | <0.01 |
| Purpura, n (%) | 170 (73.9) | 55 (68.8) | 115 (76.7) | 0.19 | ||
| Acrocyanosis, n (%) | 58 (25.2) | 14 (17.5) | 44 (29.3) | 0.05 | ||
| Ulcers, n (%) | 37 (16.1) | 6 (7.5) | 31 (20.7) | 0.01 | ||
| Necrosis, n (%) | 30 (13) | 1 (1.3) | 29 (19.3) | <0.01 | ||
| Peripheral neuropathy, n (%) | 118 (51.3) | 34 (42.5) | 84 (56) | 0.05 | 0.32 (0.15 to 0.68) | <0.01 |
| Sensorimotor, n (%) | 71 (60.2) | 12 (35.3) | 59 (70.2) | <0.01 | ||
| Arthralgias/Arthritis, n (%) | 88 (38.3) | 28 (35) | 60 (40) | 0.46 | ||
| Gut vasculitis, n (%) | 12 (5.2) | 9 (11.3) | 3 (2) | <0.01 | ||
| Lung involvement, n (%) | 6 (2.6) | 4 (5) | 2 (1.3) | 0.12 | ||
| CNS involvement, n (%) | 6 (2.6) | 1 (1.3) | 5 (3.3) | 0.36 | ||
| Biologic features | ||||||
| Type II MC, n (%) | 194 (89) | 75 (97.4) | 119 (84.4) | 0.01 | 24.49.2 (2.87 to 209.08) | 0.01 |
| Combined decreased of C3 and C4 levels, n (%) | 41 (21.5) | 29 (41.4) | 12 (9.9) | <0.001 | 8.51 (3.49 to 20.760 | <0.001 |
| Isolated decrease of C4 level, n (%) | 103 (53.9) | 28 (40) | 75 (62) | <0.01 |
Twelve patients with potential renal injury were initially included in the CryoVas survey, but not in the present study because of the absence of kidney biopsy. CNS, central nervous system; MC, mixed cryoglobulinemia; OR, odds ration; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.