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. 2016 Mar 31;10:79. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00079

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Copyright © 2016 Masuoka, Kudo, Yoshida, Ishibashi, Muramatsu, Kato, Imaizumi and Nishio.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of intraplantar injection of glutamatergic drugs in the hot plate test in mice. (A) Experimental design for evaluation of heat sensitivity 15 min and 4 h after drug injection. Changes in latency to shake, lick, or jump after placement on hot plate (52.0 ± 0.2°C) 15 min (B) or 4 h (D) after injection of quisqualate and DHPG. Effects of selective mGluR1 and mGluR5 antagonists on quisqualate-induced hyperalgesia 15 min (C) or 4 h (E) after the injection. Effects of selective MEK and p38 MAPK inhibitors on quisqualate-induced hyperalgesia 15 min (F) or 4 h (G) after the injection. Eight mice were used in each group. Values represent mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05 against control.