Table 1.

Differential identified metabolites for discrimination among control, model, and Rhu₄ groups.

tR (min)	Metabolite	Mod vs. Con			Rhu4 vs. Mod
		VIP	Fold	pa	VIP	Fold	pa
DATA FROM THE ESI+ MODE
0.64	Cytosine	1.23	0.29	0.009	<1	2.02	0.222
0.87	Creatine	2.90	3.46	<0.001	3.35	0.53	<0.001
0.98	Arginine	1.58	0.25	0.003	<1	1.77	0.440
1.15	Indoleacetaldehyde	1.15	0.45	<0.001	1.51	2.13	0.011
7.17	Leukotriene D4	2.16	55.40	<0.001	1.77	0.64	<0.001
10.46	Phytosphingosine	1.32	0.40	0.004	1.98	2.34	0.024
14.9	5(S)-HETE lactone	2.54	0.37	<0.001	1.07	0.73	0.064
DATA FROM THE ESI− MODE
0.51	Sulfuric acid	<1	0.93	0.095	2.93	0.62	0.003
0.86	Taurine	7.74	0.16	<0.001	10.38	3.68	<0.001
7.63	Taurochenodeoxycholate	2.12	125.58	<0.001	2.84	0.34	0.001
7.81	Taurocholic acid	8.91	1317.39	0.001	11.49	0.39	0.009
8.10	Glycocholic Acid	1.59	39.64	<0.001	2.59	0.19	<0.001
12.97	15(S)-HETE	2.48	0.23	<0.001	2.29	1.85	<0.001

^aThe significant differences were generated from the Student's t-test or Mann–Whitney U-test when the Student's t-test was not suitable.