Table 1.
Characteristics of immunocompromised patients with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection acquired as outpatients, stratified by underlying disease
| Characteristic | Hematologic malignancy n=37 (69%); median (range) or n(%) | SOT n=10 (19%); median (range) or n(%) | HCT n=7 (13%); median (range) or n(%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age in years | 7·8 (2·5–21·3) | 4·8 (1·0–14·9) | 6·0 (0·8–9·1) |
| Female sex | 19 (51) | 5 (50) | 2 (29) |
| Acquisitiona | |||
| Community acquired | 8 (57) | 3 (21) | 3 (21) |
| Clinic acquired | 27 (73) | 7 (19) | 3 (8) |
| Hospitalized due to RSV | 6 (40) | 3 (20) | 6 (40) |
| Median length of hospital stay (range) | 3·5 (2–6) | 3 (3–3) | 5 (1–11) |
| Active disease at diagnosis | 31 (84) | 8 (80) | 7 (100) |
| Symptoms at presentation | |||
| Fever | 16 (43) | 6 (60) | 5 (71) |
| Cough | 27 (73) | 7 (70) | 7 (100) |
| Rhinorrhea | 24 (65) | 4 (40) | 6 (86) |
| Wheezing | 2 (5) | 1 (10) | 2 (29) |
| Increased work of breathing | 1 (3) | 2 (20) | 0 (0) |
| Receipt of oxygen | 0 (0) | 1 (33) | 2 (67) |
| Neutropeniab | 6 (17) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Lymphopeniab | 6 (19) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| RSV Detection Method | |||
| DFA | 31 (84) | 9 (90) | 5 (71) |
| PCR | 4 (11) | 1 (10) | 3 (43) |
| Culture | 21 (57) | 3 (30) | 2 (29) |
| RSV viral load in log10 copies/ml (range) (n = 7) | 7·1 (5·9–7·6) | 5·3 (5·3–5·3) | 5·0 (4·9–8·3) |
| Abnormal chest imaging | 4 (40) | 5 (50) | 1 (10) |
| Coinfectionc | 4 (40) | 1 (10) | 5 (50) |
| Receipt of ribavirin | 3 (43) | 0 (0) | 4 (57) |
| Receipt of IVIG | 1 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Receipt of antibiotics | 8 (22) | 2 (20) | 1 (14) |
| ICU admission | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
HCT, hematopoietic cell transplant recipient; SOT, solid organ transplant recipient; DFA, direct fluorescent antigen; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; IVIG, Intravenous immunoglobulin; ICU, intensive care unit stay.
Community acquired infection defined as RSV detected less than 2 days after a clinic visit or more than 8 days after a clinic visit. Clinic acquired infection defined as RSV detected 2–8 days after a clinic visit.
Neutropenia and lymphopenia defined as ANC < 500 and ALC < 500, respectively.
Other coinfections were adenovirus (n = 4), rhinovirus (n = 3), parainfluenza 1–4 (n = 1), coronavirus (n = 1), and coagulase‐negative staphylococcus (n = 1).