Table 3. Comparison on application of different bioethanol sources towards MnGly and NaOH catalyzed biodiesel production.
Entry | Ethanol source | Conversiona (%) |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MnGlyb |
NaOHc |
||||
5 h | 24 h | 5 h | 24 h | ||
1 | Artificially made 20 wt.% ethanol | 50.5 | 91.5 | 7.5 | 33.0 |
2 | Rice wine (24.4 wt.% ethanol) | 57.2 | 98.9 | 7.6 | 38.4 |
3 | Glutinous rice wine (14.1 wt.% ethanol) | 24.4 | 88.5 | 5.8 | 30.6 |
aReaction conditions: reaction temperature (150 °C), feedstock-to-ethanol molar ratio (1:20) and oleic acid loading (3 wt.%).
bMnGly loading (6 wt.%).
cNaOH loading (1 wt.%).