Table 4.
Effects of sex, temperature (Temp) and relative humidity (RH) on the water loss rate (expressed per day) of three Ceratitis species estimated using general linear models
| Dependent variable | SS | df | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C. capitata | ||||
| Intercept | 0.102 | 1 | 0.594 | 0.443 |
| Sex | 0.195 | 1 | 1.137 | 0.289 |
| Temp | 3.766 | 1 | 21.933 | <0.001 |
| RH | 1.819 | 3 | 3.532 | 0.018 |
| Initial mass | 0.378 | 1 | 2.203 | 0.141 |
| Sex × Temp | 0.066 | 1 | 0.382 | 0.538 |
| Sex × RH | 0.205 | 3 | 0.398 | 0.755 |
| Temp × RH | 2.467 | 3 | 4.790 | 0.004 |
| Sex × Temp × RH | 1.013 | 3 | 1.966 | 0.125 |
| Residuals | 15.453 | 90 | ||
| C. cosyra | ||||
| Intercept | 5.080 | 1 | 22.170 | <0.001 |
| Sex | 0.455 | 1 | 1.987 | 0.162 |
| Temp | 17.719 | 1 | 77.331 | <0.001 |
| RH | 8.016 | 3 | 11.661 | <0.001 |
| Initial mass | 0.756 | 1 | 3.299 | 0.073 |
| Sex × Temp | 1.916 | 1 | 8.362 | 0.005 |
| Sex × RH | 1.184 | 3 | 1.722 | 0.168 |
| Temp × RH | 18.055 | 3 | 26.266 | <0.001 |
| Sex × Temp × RH | 1.5291 | 3 | 2.225 | 0.091 |
| Residuals | 21.080 | 92 | ||
| C. rosa | ||||
| Intercept | 1.583 | 1 | 5.649 | 0.020 |
| Sex | 0.336 | 1 | 1.200 | 0.276 |
| Temp | 9.373 | 1 | 33.450 | <0.001 |
| RH | 6.551 | 3 | 7.793 | <0.001 |
| Initial mass | 2.948 | 1 | 10.520 | 0.002 |
| Sex × Temp | 10.582 | 1 | 37.766 | <0.001 |
| Sex × RH | 0.230 | 3 | 0.274 | 0.844 |
| Temp × RH | 17.383 | 3 | 20.678 | <0.001 |
| Sex × Temp × RH | 8.723 | 3 | 10.377 | <0.001 |
| Residuals | 25.499 | 91 |
Initial body mass was included as a covariate. Water loss rate was estimated by subtracting body water after stress for a period of 24-h from estimated initial body water (determined from initial body mass using the equations in Additional file 1: Table S1). Significant effects (P < 0.05) are indicated by bold type