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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pain Manag Nurs. 2015 May 9;16(5):692–700. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2015.03.003

Table 3.

Mean Intensities of Pai

Overall Pain
Intensity
Pain Words
Intensity
Pain Noises Intensity Pain Faces Intensity Rubbing Intensity Bracing Intensity Restlessness Intensity
All In Pain All In Pain All In Pain All In Pain All In Pain All In Pain All In Pain

N= 168 (100%) n = 62 (36.9%) N = 168 (100%) n = 62 (36.9%) N = 168 (100%) n = 62 (36.9%) N = 168 (100%) n = 62 (36.9%) N = 168 (100%) n = 62 (36.9%) N = 168 (100%) n = 62 (36.9%) N = 168 (100%) n = 62 (36.9%)
X (SD) X (SD) X (SD) X (SD) X (SD) X (SD) X (SD) X (SD) X (SD) X (SD) X (SD) X (SD) X (SD) X (SD)
Caucasian 0.76 (0.95) 1.65 (0.74) 0.67 (1.11) 1.41 (1.30) 0.56 (1.03) 1.20 (1.25) 0.55 (1.09) 1.22 (1.36) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.02 (0.19) 0.04 (0.28) 0.02 (0.19) 0.04 (0.28)
African American 0.58 (0.83) 1.75 (0.50) 0.08 (0.41) 0.50 (1.00) 0.67 (1.13) 2.25 (0.50) 0.67 (1.09) 2.25 (0.50) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00)
Hispanic 0.83 (0.94) 1.60 (0.55) 0.50 (1.00) 0.60 (0.89) 1.25 (1.42) 2.40 (0.89) 0.92 (1.24) 1.80 (1.30) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00)
Others 0.22 (0.55) 1.50 (0.71) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.22 (0.65 1.00 (1.41) 0.22 (0.65) 1.00 (1.41) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00)
Total 0.68 (0.91) 1.65 (0.70) 0.50 (1.00) 1.24 (1.28) 0.59 (1.06) 1.35 (1.33) 0.56 (1.06) 1.32 (1.33) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.01 (0.15) 0.00 (0.25) 0.01 (0.15) 0.00 (0.25)

No Significant Difference noted between ethnic groups, p<0.05