Figure 3.

Mean effect sizes (Hedges' d*) of habitat fragmentation on animal-pollinated woody plant-mating patterns. Overall mean effect shown in (a) and effects separated by pollinator mobility in (b). Error bars show bias-corrected 95% bootstrap CIs. A mean effect size is significantly different from zero when its 95% CI does not overlap zero. Positive mean effect sizes indicate that the fragmented group of maternal plants had on average larger values for the given mating pattern. The number of studies is shown in parentheses.