Table 3. Summary table of relationship between RNFL thickness and MS.
| Study (reference) |
Sample |
Device |
Global RNFL thickness (mean, SD) in μm |
Comparison | Comments | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy controls n=eyes | MSON n=eyes | MS NON n=eyes | Cases | Controls | P-value | Correlation | ||||
| Huang et al111 | 13 | 22 | 16 | OCT | MSON 83.68±29.91 MS NON 108.83±15.33 | 111.60±14.90 | P<0.05 | Global, temporal, and inferior | ||
| Sriram et al113 | 25 | 58 | OCT | MS NON 93.6±9.9 | 99.2±7.5 | P<0.002 | Average RNFL (r = −0.53, P<0.0001) Temporal RNFL (r=−0.59, P<0.0001) GCL thickness (r = −0.48, P<0.0001) | mfVEP mfVEP mfVEP | ||
| Abalo-Lojo et al131 | 118 | 123 | 53 | OCT | MS eyes 84.51±14.27 | 98.44±6.83 | P<0.001 | Average RNFL MS NON (r=−0.48, P=0.002) | BCR | |
| Feng et al112 | 26 | 16 | 12 | OCT | MS eyes 81.9±17.8 | 102.1±18.1 | P=0.00 | Global, superior, inferior, and temporal | ||
| Costello et al107 | 154 | * 232 | OCT | RON 64.2±12.0 SON 86.3±19.8 MS NON 97±14.3 | 100.1±14.0 | P<0.0001 | (r=−0.48, P<0.0001) (r=0.61, P<0.0001) | VA VF | *Used as controls | |
| Bock et al132 | 406 | 73 | 189 | OCT | MSON 86.2±16.2 MS NON 97.0±13.1 | 105.2±9.4 | P<0.0001 | Temporal quadrant | ||
| Burkholder et al133 | 219 | 328 | 730 | OCT | MSON 85.7±19 MS NON 95.6±14.5 | 104.5±10.7 | P<0.001 | MSON (r=0.68, P<0.001) MS NON (r=0.62, P<0.001) | TMV TMV | |
| Ratchford et al134 | 77 | 157 | 338 | OCT | MSON 88.3±16.5 MS NON 97.4±13.9 | 102.4±11 | P<0.01 | * MSON 6.5±8, P=0.003 | LCLA | *Mean no. of correct letters±SD |
| Toledo et al121 | * 18 | ~ 52 | HRT | 254.5±100.6 | 275.0±49.8 | P<0.05 | OCT RNFL values and cognitive tests. Average RNFL (r=0.463, P<0.05) Temporal RNFL (r=0.754, P<0.001) | SDMT | Global and temporal RNFL *No. of subjects ~Total no. of MS subjects | |
| Zaveri et al135 | 85 | 68 | 87 | OCT | MSON 81.8±19.3 MS NON 95.6±15 | 104.6±10.3 | Average RNFL (r=0.54, P<0.001) (r=0.44, P<0.001) | LCLA HCVA | ||
| Siger et al136 | 24 | 40 | 62 | OCT | MSON 83.9±17.3 MS NON 94.38±15 | 100.3±12.1 | P=0.01 | MS NON RNFL and MRI lesion volume (P=0.03) (P=0.0001) | TI T2 | |
| Pueyo et al137 | 25 | 25 | 75 | OCT | MSON 84.46 MS NON 94.2 | 104.97 | MSON P<0.0005 MS NON P=0.002 | Temporal RNFL (r=−0.262, P=0.011) | Disease duration | |
| Gundogan et al109 | 76 | 78 | OCT | * 68±12.7 | * 78±15 | P=0.011 | * (r=−0.314, P=0.034) | * PVEP | *Temporal RNFL, P100 latency | |
| Pulicken et al114 | 94 | 82 | 202 | OCT | MSON 84.2±14.7 MS NON 95.9±14 | 102.7±11.5 | MSON P<0.0001 MS NON P=0.04 | (r=0.35, P<0.001) (r=0.39, P<0.001) | HCVA LCLA | |
| Fisher et al12 | 72 | 63 | 108 | OCT | MSON 85±17 MS NON 96±14 | 105±12 | P<0.001 | (r=0.33, P<0.0001) (r=0.31, P<0.0001) | LCLA CS | For every 1-line decrease in LCLA or CS score, mean RNFL decreased by 4 μm |
| Parisi et al105 | 14 | 14 | OCT | 59.79±10.80 | 111.11±11.42 | P<0.05 | Average RNFL (r=−0.744, P<0.01) Temporal RNFL (r=−0.635, P<0.01) | PERG PERG | Global and temporal | |
Abbreviations: BCR, bicaudate ratio (MRI brain atrophy estimate); CS, contrast sensitivity; CV, colour vision; HCVA, high contrast visual acuity; HRT, Heidelberg retinal tomography; LCLA, low-contrast letter acuity; mfVEP, multifocal visual evoked potentials; MS NON, multiple sclerosis without optic neuritis; MSON, multiple sclerosis with optic neuritis; PERG, pattern electroretinogram; (P)VEP, (pattern) visual evoked potentials; RON, recurrent optic neuritis; SDMT, symbol digit modality test; SON, single episode optic neuritis; TMV, total macular volume; VA, visual acuity; VF, visual function.