Table 3. Univariate and multivariate prognostic analysis by Kaplan–Meier methods.
|
Univariate analysis |
Mutlivariate analysis |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factors | 5-year OS (%) | P-valuea | Hazard ratio | 95% CI | P-valueb |
|
Age (years) | |||||
| ⩽68 | 85.5 | — | — | — | — |
| >68 | 78.1 | 0.114 | — | — | — |
|
Sex | |||||
| Male | 79.4 | — | — | — | — |
| Female | 85.2 | 0.268 | — | — | — |
|
Smoking history | |||||
| Never | 80.2 | — | — | — | — |
| Eever/current | 83.1 | 0.888 | — | — | — |
|
Serum CEA level | |||||
| <5.0 ng dl−1 | 85.3 | — | 1 | — | — |
| ⩾5.0 ng dl−1 | 67.9 | 0.01 | 1.407 | 0.624–3.171 | 0.411 |
|
Histological type | |||||
| Adenocarcinoma | 87.1 | — | 1 | — | — |
| Non-adenocarcinoma | 69.9 | 0.001 | 1.764 | 0.817–3.817 | 0.148 |
|
Tumour size | |||||
| ⩽30 mm | 89.7 | — | 1 | — | — |
| >30 mm | 69.9 | <0.001 | 1.671 | 0.738–3.785 | 0.218 |
|
Pathological stage | |||||
| I | 89.5 | — | 1 | — | — |
| II or III | 60 | <0.001 | 2.886 | 1.368–6.092 | 0.005 |
|
Lymphatic invasion | |||||
| Negative | 86 | — | 1 | — | — |
| Positive | 65.8 | 0.011 | 1.313 | 0.550–3.132 | 0.539 |
|
Vascular invasion | |||||
| Negative | 90.2 | — | 1 | — | — |
| Positive | 67.6 | 0.003 | 1.112 | 0.419–3.007 | 0.819 |
|
Pleural invasion | |||||
| Negative | 88.4 | — | 1 | — | — |
| Positive | 64.7 | 0.002 | 1.443 | 0.594–2.941 | 0.494 |
|
Urinary DASr | |||||
| Low | 90.3 | — | 1 | — | — |
| High | 65.4 | <0.001 | 4.652 | 2.092–10.35 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: CEA=carcinoembryonic antigen; CI=confidence interval; DASr=N1, N12-diacetylspermine/cutoff ratio; OS=overall survival.
a
Log-rank test.
b
Cox proportional hazard model.