Table 2.
The changes during the 216-day intervention period
| All |
FH− |
FH+ |
|||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before |
After |
Before |
After |
Before |
After |
||||||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Wilcoxon P value | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Wilcoxon P value | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Wilcoxon P value | |
| Weight, kg | 93.7 | 11.4 | 92.5 | 11.5 | 0.025 | 94.8 | 10.2 | 94.3 | 10.5 | 0.647 | 92.4 | 12.8 | 90.4 | 12.6 | 0.009 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.7 | 2.9 | 28.3 | 3.0 | 0.025 | 29.0 | 2.9 | 28.8 | 3.0 | 0.616 | 28.4 | 2.8 | 27.8 | 2.9 | 0.009 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 99.6 | 8.0 | 96.9 | 7.9 | <0.001 | 101.0 | 7.8 | 99.2 | 7.8 | 0.036 | 98.1 | 8.2 | 94.3 | 7.3 | 0.001 |
| Hip circumference, cm | 105.0 | 5.6 | 104.1 | 5.8 | 0.010 | 106.1 | 4.9 | 105.5 | 5.4 | 0.208 | 103.8 | 6.3 | 102.6 | 6.1 | 0.015 |
| Waist/hip ratio | 0.95 | 0.04 | 0.93 | 0.05 | <0.001 | 0.95 | 0.05 | 0.94 | 0.05 | 0.142 | 0.95 | 0.04 | 0.92 | 0.05 | 0.001 |
| FFM, % | 76.7 | 5.3 | 76.6 | 5.8 | 0.806 | 75.7 | 4.6 | 75.2 | 5.5 | 0.546 | 78.0 | 5.8 | 78.4 | 5.7 | 0.535 |
| V̇o2peak/kg, ml·kg−1·min−1 | 31.4 | 4.7 | 35.7 | 5.6 | <0.001 | 30.5 | 4.7 | 34.6 | 5.5 | 0.003 | 32.5 | 4.6 | 36.9 | 5.7 | 0.003 |
| V̇o2peak/FFM, ml·kg FFM−1·min−1 | 41.0 | 5.0 | 46.5 | 5.8 | <0.001 | 40.4 | 5.3 | 45.7 | 5.7 | 0.001 | 41.7 | 4.6 | 47.3 | 6.0 | 0.003 |
| Fasting plasma glucose, mM | 4.3 | 0.5 | 4.7 | 0.6 | <0.001 | 4.3 | 0.6 | 4.6 | 0.4 | 0.029 | 4.3 | 0.4 | 4.9 | 0.7 | 0.001 |
| 2-h Glucose tolerance, mM | 5.8 | 1.3 | 5.5 | 1.5 | 0.245 | 5.8 | 1.4 | 5.7 | 1.7 | 0.717 | 5.8 | 1.2 | 5.4 | 1.3 | 0.175 |
| HbA1c, % | 4.3 | 0.3 | 4.3 | 0.3 | 0.196 | 4.3 | 0.3 | 4.3 | 0.3 | 0.178 | 4.3 | 0.4 | 4.3 | 0.4 | 0.685 |
| Fasting insulin, mU/ml | 7.5 | 3.2 | 8.8 | 5.7 | 0.097 | 7.4 | 3.0 | 7.5 | 2.7 | 0.586 | 7.7 | 3.6 | 10.3 | 7.7 | 0.066 |
| HOMA-IR ratio | 1.44 | 0.65 | 1.86 | 1.35 | 0.005 | 1.43 | 0.65 | 1.54 | 0.55 | 0.159 | 1.45 | 0.67 | 2.25 | 1.86 | 0.013 |
| HOMA-β, % | 309.8 | 376.2 | 170.7 | 123.7 | 0.005 | 354.4 | 483.6 | 166.4 | 123.9 | 0.035 | 242.9 | 175.5 | 175.9 | 127.4 | 0.053 |
| mtDNA/nDNA ratio | 2,509 | 727 | 3,636 | 1,598 | 0.003 | 2,443 | 835 | 3,323 | 991 | 0.158 | 2,587 | 590 | 3,904 | 1,977 | 0.053 |
The P value describes the significance of difference in each group before and after the intervention using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Significant differences (P < 0.05) are in bold.