Fig. 2.

Inhibitory effects of 2-ME on PDGF-BB (20 ng/ml) induced effects in HASMCs. A: inhibitory effects of 2-ME (1 or 3 μmol/l) on cell number, DNA synthesis ([³H]thymidine incorporation), collagen synthesis ([³H]proline incorporation), and cell migration in HASMCs treated for 3 days, 24 h, 36 h, and 8 h, respectively. Results are expressed as means ± SE; n = 3 experiments in triplicates. B: representative photomicrographs and bar graph depicting concentration-dependent inhibitory effects of 2-ME on tubulin polymerization in proliferating HASMCs. Tubulin polymerization experiments were conducted in triplicate. C: time lapse phase contrast imaging of effects of 2-ME on mitogen-induced cytokinesis in HASMCs presynchronized in early S-phase by double thymidine blockade. Pictures were taken every 6 min for 24 h or until cell division. In untreated cells, cell division was accomplished within 2 h (white arrow), whereas 2-ME-treated cells failed to divide and underwent apoptotic disintegration (white arrow) after 11 h. D: modulatory effects of 2-ME on nuclear size in proliferating HASMCs treated for 5 days. Nuclear size in DAPI-stained HASMCs was assessed using the Olympus imaging system; changes are depicted in the bar graph. At least 20 cells were counted for each condition. *P < 0.05 vs. vehicle-treated control.