Table 1. General characteristics of the study subjects.
| Variables | Total | non-NAFLD | NAFLD | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 733 | 603 | 130 | – |
| Age (year) | 56.1±4.5 | 56.2±4.4 | 56.0±5.0 | 0.703 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.7±2.9 | 22.1±2.5 | 25.5±2.8 | < 0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 78.1±8.0 | 76.4±7.3 | 85.7±6.9 | < 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 120.0 (110.0–129.3) | 120.0 (110.0–128.0) | 120.3 (113.3–130.0) | 0.015 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 75.3 (69.7–80.0) | 74.7 (69.3–80.0) | 77.7 (71.3–80.7) | 0.062 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.2±0.4 | 5.1±0.4 | 5.3±0.4 | < 0.001 |
| 2hPG (mmol/L) | 6.1±1.0 | 6.0±1.0 | 6.4±1.0 | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.6 (5.4–5.8) | 5.6 (5.4–5.8) | 5.7 (5.5–5.9) | 0.038 |
| FINS (mU/L) | 6.7 (4.9–9.1) | 6.3 (4.5–8.1) | 9.9 (7.3–13.1) | < 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.6 (1.1–2.1) | 1.4 (1.0–1.9) | 2.3 (1.7–2.9) | < 0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.54±0.95 | 5.50±0.93 | 5.74±1.02 | 0.011 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.18 (0.85–1.59) | 1.09 (0.80–1.45) | 1.58 (1.22–2.28) | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.61±0.35 | 1.66±0.35 | 1.42±0.26 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.44±0.82 | 3.39±0.81 | 3.63±0.86 | 0.003 |
| ALT (U/L) | 16.0 (12.0–21.0) | 15.0 (12.0–20.0) | 21.5 (16.0–28.0) | < 0.001 |
| AST (U/L) | 21.0 (18.0–24.0) | 20.0 (18.0–24.0) | 22.0 (19.0–27.0) | 0.001 |
| GGT (U/L) | 20.0 (15.0–27.0) | 19.0 (15.0–25.0) | 25.0 (19.0–35.3) | < 0.001 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 0.5 (0.3–1.0) | 1.2 (0.7–2.2) | < 0.001 |
| Osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 21.99 (17.84–26.55) | 22.31 (18.55–27.06) | 18.39 (16.03–23.64) | < 0.001 |
| FLI | 12.86 (6.34–26.94) | 10.69 (5.42–19.49) | 40.32 (24.42–52.15) | < 0.001 |
Data are means±standard deviation or median (interquartile range).
Abbreviation: 2hPG, 2-h plasma glucose level; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C reactive protein; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FINS, fasting insulin; FLI, fatty liver index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.