Table 2.
Estimates of effect of reduced sodium on potential adverse effects in adults
| Outcome | No of studies | No of participants | I2 | Effect estimate: mean difference (95% CI)* † |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 11 | 2339 | 0 | 0.02 (−0.03 to 0.07) |
| Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 6 | 1909 | 0 | 0.03 (−0.02 to 0.08) |
| High density lipoprotein cholesterol cholesterol (mmol/L) | 9 | 2031 | 0 | −0.01 (−0.03 to 0.00) |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 8 | 2049 | 0 | 0.04 (−0.04 to 0.09) |
| Urinary adrenaline (epinephrine, pg/mL) | 1 | 18 | NA | −13.10 (−29.24 to 3.04) |
| Urinary noradrenaline (norepinephrine, pg/mL) | 2 | 53 | 0 | 17.13 (−34.06 to 68.33) |
| Plasma adrenaline (pg/mL) | 4 | 168 | 0 | 6.90 (−2.17 to 15.96) |
| Plasma noradrenaline (pg/mL) | 7 | 265 | 32 | 8.23 (−27.84 to 44.29) |
| Urinary protein excretion (µmol/L) | 1 | 198 | NA | −76.61 (−154.20 to 0.97) |
| Protein:creatinine ratio (mg protein:mmol creatinine) | 1 | 198 | NA | −0.40 (−0.73 to −0.07) |
| Creatinine clearance (mL/min) | 2 | 232 | 0 | −7.67 (−16.17 to 0.83) |
| Serum creatinine (µmol/L) | 5 | 728 | 0 | 1.68 (−0.65 to 4.00) |
| Glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 1 | 78 | NA | −5.00 (−15.25 to 5.25) |
NA=not applicable.
*Inverse variance, random effects model.
†Negative mean differences represent greater decreases in intervention versus control.