FMT images after 3 weeks (a, b) and micro-CT images (c, d) of group implanted with MSCs overexpressing BMP2 (a, c) and not overexpressing BMP2 (b, d). A greater fluorescence signal was observed in the group overexpressing BMP2 (a), and correspondingly new bone formation was shown in the radial defect (c). For the control group the fluorescence signal was lower (b) and almost no bone formation was found (d). Reproduced with permission from Zilberman et al.75